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Növekvő munkanélküliség, rugalmasabb munkaerőpiac a japán stílusú foglalkoztatási modell átalakulása
[Rising unemployment and a more flexible labour market the transformation of the Japanese-style employment model]

Author

Listed:
  • Fazekas, Károly
  • Ozsvald, Éva

Abstract

Recesszióban csökken a foglalkoztatottak száma, növekszik a munkanélküliség hosszú ideig úgy tűnt, hogy ez az összefüggés mindenütt igaz, Japánt kivéve. A kilencvenes évek elhúzódó válsága azonban már a szigetország teljes foglalkoztatását is kikezdte: a japán munkanélküliségi ráta meghaladja az Egyesült Államokban mért értéket, az OECD-átlag felé közelít. Az állástalanok számának ugrásszerű növekedéséből az elemzők hajlamosak arra következtetni, hogy az egyet jelent a japán stílusú foglalkoztatási rendszer, ezen belül is az élethossziglan tartó foglalkoztatás végével. A szerzőpáros szerint bár a rendszer nem maradt érintetlen, a növekvő munkanélküliség okait egészen a legutóbbi időkig másutt kellett keresni. A japán munkaerőpiac hármas szegmentációján belül a dolgozók korábban is csak mintegy egyötödét érintő élethossziglan tartó foglalkoztatás a kilencvenes években is többékevésbé érvényben maradt. Munkanélkülivé nagy valószínűséggel a perifériális helyzetűek váltak, akiknek aránya tendenciaszerűen folyamatosan növekedett, ám nem a munkahely védettségét továbbra is élvező centrális csoport, hanem egy az elemzések által eddig elhanyagolt marginális csoport rovására. A változások napjainkra érték el a rendszer magját: a hagyományos japán modell megszűnőben van, de az új még nem alakult ki.

Suggested Citation

  • Fazekas, Károly & Ozsvald, Éva, 2000. "Növekvő munkanélküliség, rugalmasabb munkaerőpiac a japán stílusú foglalkoztatási modell átalakulása [Rising unemployment and a more flexible labour market the transformation of the Japanese-style ," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 157-177.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:302
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Victor Argy & Leslie Stein, 1997. "The Japanese Economy," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-0-230-38009-7, December.
    2. Gordon, Robert J, 1982. "Why U.S. Wage and Employment Behaviour Differs from That in Britain and Japan," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 92(365), pages 13-44, March.
    3. Tachibanaki, Toshiaki, 1987. "Labour market flexibility in Japan in comparison with Europe and the U.S," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 647-678, April.
    4. Masanori Hashimoto, 1990. "The Japanese Labor Market in a Comparative Perspective with the United States," Books from Upjohn Press, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, number jlm, November.
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    6. Dore, Ronald, 1998. "Asian Crisis and the Future of the Japanese Model," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 22(6), pages 773-787, November.
    7. Tachibanaki, Toshiaki & Sakurai, Kojiro, 1991. "Labour supply and unemployment in Japan," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 1575-1587, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E24 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Employment; Unemployment; Wages; Intergenerational Income Distribution; Aggregate Human Capital; Aggregate Labor Productivity
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes

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