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A fejlesztő állam megszületése, virágzása és hanyatlása Japánban. A racionális szamurájoktól az abenomicsig
[The birth, flowering and decline of the Japanese developmental state. From rational samurais to Abenomics]

Author

Listed:
  • Muraközy, László

Abstract

A második világháború utáni japán gazdasági csoda egyik kulcselemeként a fejlesztő állam modellje szolgált. A hosszú fejlődési folyamatban kiformálódott modell később mély hatással volt számos ázsiai országra. A 19. század utolsó harmadában, a Meidzsi-korszakban kulcsszerepet játszottak az "alapító hivatalnokok". Az első világháború utáni új generáció - a "hivatalnokok reformnemzedéke" - Mandzsúria fejlesztési modelljét valósította meg. A kialakított intézményi struktúra, az "1940-es rendszer" a háborúban is rendkívül hatékonyan működött. Japán háború utáni reménytelen helyzetében azonban megmaradt egy "titkos fegyver": az előző évtizedekben kialakított fejlesztő állam intézményi modellje és az azt működtető hivatalnoki kar. A célok ugyan változtak, de az eszközök készen álltak. A fejlesztő állam modellje igen fontos szerepet játszott a "japán csodában", majd Ázsia elmúlt évtizedekbeli látványos előretörésében. A kilencvenes években azonban ez a pálya saját korlátaiba ütközött, a kiutat máig nem tudták megtalálni. A sikerben és a kudarcban egyaránt fontos szerepe van a sajátos japán állami szerepvállalásnak. Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: H10, N40, P11.

Suggested Citation

  • Muraközy, László, 2015. "A fejlesztő állam megszületése, virágzása és hanyatlása Japánban. A racionális szamurájoktól az abenomicsig [The birth, flowering and decline of the Japanese developmental state. From rational samu," Közgazdasági Szemle (Economic Review - monthly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences), Közgazdasági Szemle Alapítvány (Economic Review Foundation), vol. 0(2), pages 172-199.
    • Handle: RePEc:ksa:szemle:1534
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H10 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - General
    • N40 - Economic History - - Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation - - - General, International, or Comparative
    • P11 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Planning, Coordination, and Reform

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