IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/kap/netnom/v22y2022i2d10.1007_s11066-021-09150-2.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Economic replicability tests: an “out-of-the-box” implementation

Author

Listed:
  • George Charalampopoulos

    (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ilisia, Athens)

  • Dimitris Katsianis

    (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ilisia, Athens)

  • Dimitris Varoutas

    (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Ilisia, Athens)

Abstract

Regulation of Next Generation Access Networks (NGANs) has been one of the most debated topics throughout the European Union (EU). Now it seems to be seeking to strike a new balance, between promoting NGANs investments and, simultaneously, preserving the current level of competition. This much-sought reconciliation was attempted with the release of European Commission (EC)‘s Recommendation 2013/466/EU on consistent non-discrimination obligations and costing methodologies for the promotion of competition and the enhancement of the broadband investment environment. The Recommendation, among others, defines the use of Economic Replicability Tests (ERTs), on the basis of a Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) approach, as the proper methodological tool to determine whether the dominant firm (i.e., incumbent operator) engages in a discriminatory behavior. The aim of this paper is twofold; first to investigate the impact of long-term access pricing agreements on ERT conduct as defined in Recommendation 2013/466/EU; second, in the light of the review of the aforementioned Recommendation, to attempt a non-conventional implementation of the test. The latter manifests itself via the potential use of Real Options Theory (ROT) within the ERT formulation on top of DCF results. The main objective is to investigate whether the fixed part of the wholesale access price - if the latter is seen as a two-part tariff - can actually be included in the calculation process to the contrary of what Jaunaux and Lebourges [39] suggest.

Suggested Citation

  • George Charalampopoulos & Dimitris Katsianis & Dimitris Varoutas, 2022. "Economic replicability tests: an “out-of-the-box” implementation," Netnomics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 115-138, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:netnom:v:22:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s11066-021-09150-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s11066-021-09150-2
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11066-021-09150-2
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1007/s11066-021-09150-2?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version below or search for a different version of it.

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ford, George S., 2018. "Is faster better? Quantifying the relationship between broadband speed and economic growth," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(9), pages 766-777.
    2. Nina Czernich & Oliver Falck & Tobias Kretschmer & Ludger Woessmann, 2011. "Broadband Infrastructure and Economic Growth," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 121(552), pages 505-532, May.
    3. Fernando Camacho & Flavio Menezes, 2009. "Access pricing and investment: a real options approach," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 36(2), pages 107-126, October.
    4. Hartmann, Marcus & Hassan, Ali, 2006. "Application of real options analysis for pharmaceutical R&D project valuation--Empirical results from a survey," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 343-354, April.
    5. Avinash K. Dixit & Robert S. Pindyck, 1994. "Investment under Uncertainty," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 1, number 5474.
    6. Elizabeth Olmsted Teisberg, 1994. "An Option Valuation Analysis of Investment Choices by a Regulated Firm," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 40(4), pages 535-548, April.
    7. Keiichi Hori & Keizo Mizuno, 2004. "Network Investment and Competition with Access-to-Bypass," Econometric Society 2004 Australasian Meetings 138, Econometric Society.
    8. Clark, Ephraim & Easaw, Joshy Z., 2007. "Optimal access pricing for natural monopoly networks when costs are sunk and revenues are uncertain," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 178(2), pages 595-602, April.
    9. Elizabeth Olmstead Teisberg, 1993. "Capital Investment Strategies under Uncertain Regulation," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 24(4), pages 591-604, Winter.
    10. Guthrie, Graeme, 2012. "Regulated prices and real options," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 650-663.
    11. Koutroumpis, Pantelis, 2009. "The economic impact of broadband on growth: A simultaneous approach," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(9), pages 471-485, October.
    12. Bert M. SADOWSKI & Mathijs VERHEIJEN & Alberto NUCCIARELLI, 2008. "From Experimentation to Citywide Rollout: Real Options for a Municipal WiMax Network in the Netherlands," Communications & Strategies, IDATE, Com&Strat dept., vol. 1(70), pages 101-126, 2nd quart.
    13. James ALLEMAN & Gary MADDEN & Hak KIM, 2008. "Real Options Methodology Applied to the ICT Sector: A Survey," Communications & Strategies, IDATE, Com&Strat dept., vol. 1(70), pages 27-44, 2nd quart.
    14. Robert S. Pindyck, 2005. "Pricing Capital Under Mandatory Unbundling and Facilities Sharing," NBER Working Papers 11225, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Pindyck Robert S., 2007. "Mandatory Unbundling and Irreversible Investment in Telecom Networks," Review of Network Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 6(3), pages 1-25, September.
    16. James Alleman & Paul Rappoport, 2006. "Optimal Pricing with Sunk Cost and Uncertainty," Contributions to Economics, in: Russel Cooper & Gary Madden & Ashley Lloyd & Michael Schipp (ed.), The Economics of Online Markets and ICT Networks, chapter 9, pages 143-155, Springer.
    17. Robert McDonald & Daniel Siegel, 1986. "The Value of Waiting to Invest," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 101(4), pages 707-727.
    18. Gallardo, Fernando & Méndez, Mariano & Monjas, Manuel & Sánchez, Fernando, 2015. "Real Options on New Generation Access Networks based on FTTH. An approach to the Spanish Case," 26th European Regional ITS Conference, Madrid 2015 127143, International Telecommunications Society (ITS).
    19. Wolfgang Briglauer & Klaus Gugler, 2019. "Go for Gigabit? First Evidence on Economic Benefits of High‐speed Broadband Technologies in Europe," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 57(5), pages 1071-1090, September.
    20. Franklin, Sergio Luis & Diallo, Madiagne, 2013. "Real options and cost-based access pricing: Model and methodology," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 321-333.
    21. Lobo, Bento J. & Alam, Md Rafayet & Whitacre, Brian E., 2020. "Broadband speed and unemployment rates: Data and measurement issues," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(1).
    22. Jaunaux, Laure & Lebourges, Marc, 2015. "Economic replicability tests for next-generation access networks," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 486-501.
    23. Slade, Margaret E., 2001. "Valuing Managerial Flexibility: An Application of Real-Option Theory to Mining Investments," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 193-233, March.
    24. Tanguturi, Venkata Praveen & Harmantzis, Fotios C., 2006. "Migration to 3G wireless broadband internet and real options: The case of an operator in India," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 30(7), pages 400-419, August.
    25. Charalampopoulos, George & Katsianis, Dimitris & Varoutas, Dimitris, 2011. "The option to expand to a next generation access network infrastructure and the role of regulation in a discrete time setting: A real options approach," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 895-906.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Charalampopoulos, George & Katsianis, Dimitris & Varoutas, Dimitris, 2020. "Investigating the intertwining impact of wholesale access pricing and the commitment to net neutrality principle on European next-generation access networks private investment plans: An options-game a," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(3).
    2. Franklin, Sergio Luis & Diallo, Madiagne, 2013. "Real options and cost-based access pricing: Model and methodology," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 321-333.
    3. Tselekounis, Markos & Varoutas, Dimitris & Martakos, Drakoulis, 2014. "A CDS approach to induce facilities-based competition over NGA networks," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 311-331.
    4. Fernando Camacho & Flavio Menezes, 2009. "Access pricing and investment: a real options approach," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 36(2), pages 107-126, October.
    5. Sergio Franklin, 2015. "Investment decisions in mobile telecommunications networks applying real options," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 226(1), pages 201-220, March.
    6. Briglauer, Wolfgang & Stocker, Volker, 2020. "Bedeutung digitaler Infrastrukturen und Dienste und Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Resilienz in Krisenzeiten," Policy Notes 42, EcoAustria – Institute for Economic Research.
    7. Michele Moretto & Paolo M. Panteghini & Carlo Scarpa, 2008. "Profit sharing and investment by regulated utilities: A welfare analysis," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(4), pages 315-337, December.
    8. Borrmann, Jörg & Brunekreeft, Gert, 2020. "The timing of monopoly investment under cost-based and price-based regulation," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    9. Alexander, Carol & Chen, Xi & Ward, Charles, 2021. "Risk-adjusted valuation for real option decisions," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 1046-1064.
    10. de Braganca, Gabriel Fiuza & Rocha, Katia & Moreira, Rafael Henrique Rodrigues, 2008. "Real Options and the Regulation of Brazilian Fixed-Line Telephone Operators: The Mark-up on the Cost of Capital," Working Paper Series 3997, Victoria University of Wellington, The New Zealand Institute for the Study of Competition and Regulation.
    11. Fernando T. Camacho & Flavio M. Menezes, 2008. "Price Regulation and Investment: A Real Options Approach," Discussion Papers Series 373, School of Economics, University of Queensland, Australia.
    12. Michele Moretto & Chiara D’Alpaos, 2004. "The Value of Flexibility in the Italian Water Service Sector: A Real Option Analysis," Working Papers 2004.140, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    13. Lander, Diane M. & Pinches, George E., 1998. "Challenges to the Practical Implementation of Modeling and Valuing Real Options," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(3, Part 2), pages 537-567.
    14. Pereira, Paulo J. & Rodrigues, Artur, 2014. "Investment decisions in finite-lived monopolies," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 219-236.
    15. Guthrie, Graeme, 2012. "Regulated prices and real options," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 650-663.
    16. Pindyck, Robert S., 2005. "Sunk Costs and Real Options in Antitrust," Working papers 18233, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management.
    17. Oughton, Edward J. & Comini, Niccolò & Foster, Vivien & Hall, Jim W., 2022. "Policy choices can help keep 4G and 5G universal broadband affordable," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    18. Gürtler, Marc & Sieg, Gernot, 2006. "Crunch time: The optimal policy to avoid the "Announcement Effect" when terminating a subsidy," Working Papers FW24V2, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Finance.
    19. Bar-Ilan, Avner & Strange, William C., 1998. "A model of sequential investment," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 437-463, March.
    20. Ferguson, Andrew & Hu, Wei & Lam, Peter, 2022. "Political uncertainty and deal structure: Evidence from Australian mining project acquisitions," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:kap:netnom:v:22:y:2022:i:2:d:10.1007_s11066-021-09150-2. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.