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Higher Ethical Objective (Maqasid al-Shari’ah) Augmented Framework for Islamic Banks: Assessing Ethical Performance and Exploring Its Determinants

Author

Listed:
  • Arman Mergaliyev

    (Durham University)

  • Mehmet Asutay

    (Durham University)

  • Alija Avdukic

    (Al-Maktoum College of Higher Education)

  • Yusuf Karbhari

    (Cardiff University)

Abstract

This study utilises higher objectives postulated in Islamic moral economy or the maqasid al-Shari’ah theoretical framework’s novel approach in evaluating the ethical, social, environmental and financial performance of Islamic banks. Maqasid al-Shari’ah is interpreted as achieving social good as a consequence in addition to well-being and, hence, it goes beyond traditional (voluntary) social responsibility. This study also explores the major determinants that affect maqasid performance as expressed through disclosure analysis. By expanding the traditional maqasid al-Shari’ah,, we develop a comprehensive evaluation framework in the form of a maqasid index, which is subjected to a rigorous disclosure analysis. Furthermore, in identifying the main determinants of the maqasid disclosure performance, panel data analysis is used by including several key variables alongside political and socio-economic environment, ownership structures, and corporate and Shari’ah governance-related factors. The sample includes 33 full-fledged Islamic banks from 12 countries for the period of 2008–2016. The findings show that although during the nine-year period the disclosure of maqasid performance of the sampled Islamic banks has improved, this is still short of ‘best practices’. Through panel data analysis, this study finds that the Muslim population indicator, CEO duality, Shari’ah governance, and leverage variables positively impact the disclosure of maqasid performance. However, the effect of GDP, financial development and human development index of the country, its political and civil rights, institutional ownership, and a higher share of independent directors have an overall negative impact on the maqasid performance. The findings reported in this study identify complex and multi-faceted relations between external market realities, corporate and Shari’ah governance mechanisms, and maqasid performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Arman Mergaliyev & Mehmet Asutay & Alija Avdukic & Yusuf Karbhari, 2021. "Higher Ethical Objective (Maqasid al-Shari’ah) Augmented Framework for Islamic Banks: Assessing Ethical Performance and Exploring Its Determinants," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 170(4), pages 797-834, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jbuset:v:170:y:2021:i:4:d:10.1007_s10551-019-04331-4
    DOI: 10.1007/s10551-019-04331-4
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    2. Teguh Budiman & Yayan Satyakti & Erie Febrian, 2021. "Islamic Bank Sustainability: An Econometric Approach," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 11(2), pages 141-159, February.
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    4. Wahyu Jatmiko & M. Shahid Ebrahim & Abdullah Iqbal & Rafal M. Wojakowski, 2023. "Can trade credit rejuvenate Islamic banking?," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 60(1), pages 111-146, January.

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