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Développement local et gouvernance territoriale : Enjeux et perspectives post-révolution

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  • Mohamed HADDAD
  • Mohamed Amir BOUZAIDA

Abstract

Suite à une situation de transition et de changement profond, cette communication propose d’interroger le rôle des pouvoirs publics et des acteurs locaux au sud-est tunisien en matière de gouvernance territoriale (Gabes et Médenine). Ceci est d’autant plus important que l’organisation de territoires tunisiens connaît des disparités socio-économiques, des déséquilibres flagrants à différents niveaux et des mutations multiples affectant l’échelon territorial. Dès lors, le contexte postrévolutionnaire est complexe et les sociétés civiles sont appelées à mobiliser davantage leurs capacités adaptatives et revoir les modèles susceptibles de générer le développement souhaité et apporter des solutions aux préoccupations majeures de différents acteurs territoriaux. Un renforcement du processus de la décentralisation et un appui à la prise de décision collective seraient en mesure d’améliorer l’autonomie des collectivités territoriales et ce, dans une démarche plus adaptée à leurs besoins et exigences et dans laquelle leur statut évoluera des simples bénéficiaires à des parties prenantes. Dans un premier temps, il s’agit de montrer l’intérêt d’aborder cette notion de gouvernance territoriale dans notre contexte postrévolutionnaire. Cette forme particulière de gouvernance est comprise comme un processus non seulement de coordination des acteurs mais aussi d’appropriation des ressources et de construction de la territorialité Désormais, l’objectif est de mobiliser leurs capacités et augmenter leurs marges de manœuvre face aux différentes mutations. L’action devient l’affaire de tout un chacun. Dès lors, une meilleure concertation face aux défis nécessite une communication et un échange entre les acteurs concernés. Dans un deuxième temps, nous apportons une vision prospective en matière de gouvernance territoriale. Ceci est d’autant plus important que le devenir de ces zones difficiles reste ambigu. Ainsi, le territoire et tous les êtres qui en relèvent, quels qu’ils soient est composé de deux grands éléments: d’un côté les formes, les idées, les opportunités, les projets…et de l’autre, le désordre, l’incertitude. D’un côté, l’esprit, la liberté, la démocratie de l’autre, la matière, la corruption, le fanatisme. Devant cette complexité accrue se pose aussi la question sur les dispositifs et les processus nécessaires susceptibles d’apporter des articulations et éclairages afin de maintenir la dynamique de développement territorial. Enfin, se pose la question de l’équilibre à trouver, cette fois, dans une démarche participative, démocratique et raisonnable loin d’opportunisme des uns et de passivité des autres. Il est ainsi impératif de s’interroger sur les nouveaux fondements de l’articulation et les interactions entre les décideurs politiques et les acteurs du terrain.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohamed HADDAD & Mohamed Amir BOUZAIDA, 2013. "Développement local et gouvernance territoriale : Enjeux et perspectives post-révolution," Journal of Academic Finance, RED research unit, university of Gabes, Tunisia, vol. 4(1), December.
  • Handle: RePEc:jaf:journl:v:4:y:2013:i:1:n:19
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    JEL classification:

    • H7 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations

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