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Algunos problemas y limitaciones de la teoría del crecimiento económico

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  • Cerón-Palma, Isidro

    (Instituto Politécnico Nacional)

Abstract

El presente documento hace una síntesis y un balance crítico de los modelos base del crecimiento económico neoclásico, con la finalidad de mostrar sus principales problemas y limitaciones teórico-metodológicas. Se destaca que la teoría moderna del crecimiento económico, que inicia con el modelo de Harrod, se elaboró considerando únicamente el sector real de la economía, dejando de lado las cuestiones monetarias. Sin embargo, esto es un recurso teórico que desde cierta perspectiva teórica es totalmente insatisfactorio en la medida en que una economía capitalista es esencialmente dineraria. Un supuesto inadmisible, por ser contrario a la experiencia de las economías capitalistas desarrolladas, es que los modelos de crecimiento económico asumen que el progreso tecnológico es exógeno. Se pasa revista a los intentos que han tratado de superar o solucionar las limitaciones mencionadas, como los modelos de crecimiento con dinero y la teoría del crecimiento endógeno/ This paper makes a synthesis and critical assessment of neoclassical models based on economic growth, in order to show their main theoretical problems and methodological limitations. It is emphasized that the modern theory of economic growth, which begins with the Harrod model, was developed considering only the real sector of the economy, setting aside money matters. However, this is a theoretical resource from certain theoretical perspective is totally unsatisfactory to the extent that a capitalist economy is essentially cash. An unacceptable course, be contrary to the experience of developed capitalist economies is that economic growth models assume that technological progress is exogenous. Attempts that have tried to overcome or solve the above limitations, such as money growth models and endogenous growth theory.

Suggested Citation

  • Cerón-Palma, Isidro, 2015. "Algunos problemas y limitaciones de la teoría del crecimiento económico," eseconomía, Escuela Superior de Economía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, vol. 0(42), pages 81-121, primer se.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipn:esecon:v:x:y:2015:i:42:p:81-121
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Romer, Paul M., 1991. "El cambio tecnológico endógeno," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 58(231), pages 441-480, julio-sep.
    2. Olivier Jean Blanchard & Stanley Fischer, 1989. "Lectures on Macroeconomics," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262022834, April.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    crecimiento económico; economía neoclásica/ economic growth; neoclassical economics;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General

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