Influences of TPM, TQM, Six Sigma practices on firms performance in Jordan

In today's sharp competitions, firms are continuously looking for strategies to improve firm performance (FP) and gain competitive advantage. Some of the most prominent programmes are total productive maintenance (TPM), total quality management (TQM) and Six Sigma. This research aims at investigating the relationship between TPM, TQM and Six Sigma practices. It also examines their effects on FP in Jordan. Data were collected form 47 manufacturing firms. Structural equation modelling (SEM) is then used for analysing the proposed structural model. The obtained results showed significant positive effects of TPM and TQM on FP. In addition, there is a significant positive relationship between TPM and TQM. On the other hand, it is found that Six Sigma partially affects both FP and TQM. Further, three sub-models related to TPM, TQM, and Six Sigma practices are proposed then tested to verify their influences on each corresponding programme. In conclusions, Jordanian firms successfully implemented and integrated TQM and TPM practices to improve FP. But they are still deficient in utilising Six Sigma practices to improve FP, as well as, in integrating it with TQM. Managerial efforts should be directed toward fully understanding SSs implementation and integration with other improvement programmes.