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A Systematic Review of the Rationale for Vaccine Hesitancy among American Parents

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  • Jordan Luttrell-Freeman
  • Timothy J. Bungum
  • Jennifer R. Pharr

Abstract

INTRODUCTION- Vaccines are one of the most successful interventions in the history of public health. They are largely responsible for the near eradication of several diseases. However, some people are vaccination averse which can lead to vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitant parents are those that refuse or delay getting their children vaccinated despite the availability of vaccination services. This phenomenon often occurs despite parent’s belief that vaccines are effective. The purpose of this review was to exam available literature to identify predictors of vaccine hesitancy among parents and parental rationale for vaccine hesitancy. METHODS- This literature review utilized the SCOPUS database to identify articles examining vaccine hesitancy among American parents, published from 1997 to 2020, inclusive. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology was utilized to select articles used in the final literature review. RESULTS- Fifty-one articles were included in the final review. Predictors of vaccine hesitancy included demographics (income, education, marital status, race/ethnicity), healthcare practices (provider relationship, use of complementary or alternative medicine), and social-cultural factors. Parental rationale for vaccine hesitancy included concerns about the safety of vaccinations, not fearing diseases covered by vaccinations, and the belief that vaccines were not necessary. The most consistent and prevalent theme of vaccination hesitancy was the strength of the influence that the medical provider has on the parents. CONCLUSION- Balanced communication with a trusted medical provider that addresses both the benefits and risk of vaccinations, along with parents’ concerns about safety are important factors to reduce vaccine hesitancy among parents.

Suggested Citation

  • Jordan Luttrell-Freeman & Timothy J. Bungum & Jennifer R. Pharr, 2021. "A Systematic Review of the Rationale for Vaccine Hesitancy among American Parents," Global Journal of Health Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(8), pages 1-77, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:ibn:gjhsjl:v:13:y:2021:i:8:p:77
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Avnika B. Amin & Robert A. Bednarczyk & Cara E. Ray & Kala J. Melchiori & Jesse Graham & Jeffrey R. Huntsinger & Saad B. Omer, 2017. "Association of moral values with vaccine hesitancy," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 1(12), pages 873-880, December.
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    3. Reich, Jennifer A., 2016. "Of natural bodies and antibodies: Parents' vaccine refusal and the dichotomies of natural and artificial," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 103-110.
    4. Editorial Article, 0. "The Information for Authors," Economics of Contemporary Russia, Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, issue 3.
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    6. Editorial Article, 0. "The Information for Authors," Economics of Contemporary Russia, Regional Public Organization for Assistance to the Development of Institutions of the Department of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, issue 2.
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    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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