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Pilot-Scale Testing of Non-Activated Biochar for Swine Manure Treatment and Mitigation of Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Author

Listed:
  • Devin L. Maurer

    (Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA)

  • Jacek A. Koziel

    (Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA)

  • Kajetan Kalus

    (Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Daniel S. Andersen

    (Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA)

  • Sebastian Opalinski

    (Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland)

Abstract

Managing the environmental impacts associated with livestock production is a challenge for farmers, public and regulatory agencies. Sustainable solutions that take into account technical and socioeconomic factors are needed. For example, the comprehensive control of odors, ammonia (NH 3 ), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from swine production is a critical need. Stored manure is a major source of gaseous emissions. Mitigation technologies based on bio-based products such as biochar are of interest due to the potential benefits of nutrient cycling. The objective of this study was to test non-activated (non-functionalized) biochar for the mitigation of gaseous emissions from stored manure. Specifically, this included testing the effects of: (1) time; and (2) dosage of biochar application to the swine manure surface on gaseous emissions from deep-pit storage. The biochar surface application was tested with three treatments (1.14, 2.28 and 4.57 kg·m −2 manure) over a month. Significant reductions in emissions were observed for NH 3 (12.7–22.6% reduction as compared to the control). Concomitantly, significant increases in CH 4 emissions (22.1–24.5%) were measured. Changes to emissions of other target gases (including CO 2 , N 2 O, H 2 S, dimethyl disulfide/methanethiol, dimethyl trisulfide, n -butyric-, valeric-, and isovaleric acids, p -cresol, indole, and skatole) were not statistically significant. Biochar treatment could be a promising and comparably-priced option for reducing NH 3 emissions from stored swine manure.

Suggested Citation

  • Devin L. Maurer & Jacek A. Koziel & Kajetan Kalus & Daniel S. Andersen & Sebastian Opalinski, 2017. "Pilot-Scale Testing of Non-Activated Biochar for Swine Manure Treatment and Mitigation of Ammonia, Hydrogen Sulfide, Odorous Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and Greenhouse Gas Emissions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:6:p:929-:d:100401
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kyoung S. Ro & Isabel M. Lima & Guidqopuram B. Reddy & Michael A. Jackson & Bin Gao, 2015. "Removing Gaseous NH 3 Using Biochar as an Adsorbent," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-12, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jung Eun Lee & Young-Kwon Park, 2020. "Applications of Modified Biochar-Based Materials for the Removal of Environment Pollutants: A Mini Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Pavel Covali & Henn Raave & Jordi Escuer-Gatius & Allan Kaasik & Tõnu Tõnutare & Alar Astover, 2021. "The Effect of Untreated and Acidified Biochar on NH 3 -N Emissions from Slurry Digestate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-19, January.
    3. Marta Dudek & Kacper Świechowski & Piotr Manczarski & Jacek A. Koziel & Andrzej Białowiec, 2019. "The Effect of Biochar Addition on the Biogas Production Kinetics from the Anaerobic Digestion of Brewers’ Spent Grain," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-22, April.
    4. Marina Segura & Concepción Maroto & Concepción Ginestar & Baldomero Segura, 2018. "Optimization Models to Improve Estimations and Reduce Nitrogen Excretion from Livestock Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-14, July.
    5. Tereza Hammerschmiedt & Jiri Holatko & Jiri Kucerik & Adnan Mustafa & Maja Radziemska & Antonin Kintl & Ondrej Malicek & Tivadar Baltazar & Oldrich Latal & Martin Brtnicky, 2022. "Manure Maturation with Biochar: Effects on Plant Biomass, Manure Quality and Soil Microbiological Characteristics," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-17, February.
    6. Lavanya Madhavaraj & Ho-Dong Lim & Kong-Min Kim & Dae-Hyuk Kim & Gui Hwan Han, 2020. "Influence of Sargassum horneri Mitigating Odorous Gas Emissions from Swine Manure Storage Facilities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-14, September.
    7. Kajetan Kalus & Damian Konkol & Mariusz Korczyński & Jacek A. Koziel & Sebastian Opaliński, 2020. "Laying Hens Biochar Diet Supplementation—Effect on Performance, Excreta N Content, NH 3 and VOCs Emissions, Egg Traits and Egg Consumers Acceptance," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-15, June.
    8. Chumki Banik & Jacek A. Koziel & Darcy Bonds & Asheesh K. Singh & Mark A. Licht, 2021. "Comparing Biochar-Swine Manure Mixture to Conventional Manure Impact on Soil Nutrient Availability and Plant Uptake—A Greenhouse Study," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-20, April.
    9. Ágota Horel & Eszter Tóth & Györgyi Gelybó & Márton Dencső & Imre Potyó, 2018. "Soil CO 2 and N 2 O Emission Drivers in a Vineyard ( Vitis vinifera ) under Different Soil Management Systems and Amendments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-15, May.

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