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Performance Evaluation and Field Application of Red Clay Green Roof Vegetation Blocks for Ecological Restoration Projects

Author

Listed:
  • Hwang-Hee Kim

    (Research Institute of Technology, Contech Engineering Co., Ltd., 69, Seongnam Road, Seongnam 13636, Korea)

  • Chun-Su Kim

    (Research Institute of Technology, Nature and Environment Co., Ltd., 116-28 Boheung-1Gil, Kongju 325-33, Korea)

  • Ji-Hong Jeon

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Andong National University, 1375 Gyeongdong Street, Andong 760-749, Korea)

  • Seung-Kee Lee

    (Department of Bio-Industry Mechanical Engineering, Koungju National University, 54 Daehak Street, Yesan 32439, Korea)

  • Chan-Gi Park

    (Department of Rural Construction Engineering, Koungju National University, 54 Daehak Street, Yesan 32439, Korea)

Abstract

In this study, for restoration of ecological systems in buildings, porous vegetation red clay green roof blocks were designed for performance evaluation. Blast furnace slag (BFS; fine aggregates (agg.)), coarse aggregates, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber (hydrophilic fiber), and red clay (ecofriendly additive material) were applied to the construction of the porous vegetation red clay green roof blocks. A decrease in cement use is one way of reducing carbon emissions. To increase the water retentivity and the efficiency of roof vegetation blocks, blast furnace slag aggregates with excellent water absorptivity and polyvinyl alcohol fiber with a water absorption rate above 20% were added. In particular, the addition of polyvinyl alcohol fiber prevents performance reduction of the green roof vegetation blocks during freezing and melting in winter. Compressive strength, void ratio, and unit-mass tests were conducted to evaluate the performance of the roof vegetation blocks. After their application to roof vegetation, the effect of water purification was evaluated. According to the experimental results, the mix that satisfies the target performance of green roof vegetation blocks (compression strength above 8 MPa, void ratio above 20%, unit mass 2.0 kg/cm 3 or below) is: cement = 128.95 kg/m 3 , BFS = 96.75 kg/m 3 , red clay = 96.75 kg/m 3 , water = 81.50 kg/m 3 , BFS agg. = 1450 kg/m 3 , PVA fiber = 1.26 kg/m 3 . The green roof vegetation blocks were designed using the mix that satisfied the target performance. To find the amount of attainable water due to rainfall, a rainfall meter was installed after application of the roof vegetation to measure daily rainfall and calculate the amount of attainable water. The results show that, for 1 mm of rainfall, it is possible to attain about 0.53 L of water per 1 m 2 . In addition, the water quality of effluents after application of roof vegetation was analyzed, and the results satisfied Class 4 of the River-life Environmental Standard for Availability of Agricultural Water.

Suggested Citation

  • Hwang-Hee Kim & Chun-Su Kim & Ji-Hong Jeon & Seung-Kee Lee & Chan-Gi Park, 2017. "Performance Evaluation and Field Application of Red Clay Green Roof Vegetation Blocks for Ecological Restoration Projects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:3:p:357-:d:91725
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hwang-Hee Kim & Chan-Gi Park, 2016. "Performance Evaluation and Field Application of Porous Vegetation Concrete Made with By-Product Materials for Ecological Restoration Projects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Hwang-Hee Kim & Chan-Gi Park, 2016. "Plant Growth and Water Purification of Porous Vegetation Concrete Formed of Blast Furnace Slag, Natural Jute Fiber and Styrene Butadiene Latex," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(4), pages 1-16, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Daniel Mora-Melià & Carlos S. López-Aburto & Pablo Ballesteros-Pérez & Pedro Muñoz-Velasco, 2018. "Viability of Green Roofs as a Flood Mitigation Element in the Central Region of Chile," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-19, April.
    2. Xiao-chun Qin & An-chen Ni & Nan Zhang & Zheng-hao Chen, 2021. "Erosion Control and Growth Promotion of W-OH Material on Red Clay Highway Slopes: A Case Study in South China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-16, January.

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