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Urbanization and Socioeconomic Development in Inner Mongolia in 2000 and 2010: A GIS Analysis

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  • Ganlin Huang

    (Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    College of Resources Science & Technology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

  • Yaqiong Jiang

    (Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

Abstract

Economic indicators and other indices measuring overall development describe local development trajectories differently. In this paper, we illustrated this difference and explored how urbanization is related to development by a case study in Inner Mongolia, China. We calculated the human development index (HDI) and compared the temporal and spatial dynamics of the overall development (represented by the HDI) and economic growth (represented by the GDP) in 2000 and 2010. We conducted partial correlation analysis between the HDI and urbanization rate whilst controlling for the effects of the GDP. Our results showed that the spatial pattern of the HDI was little in 2000 and became clearer in 2010 when the western part tended to have higher values and the northeastern part tended to have lower values. The spatial trend for the GDP was obvious in 2000 as the high values clustered in the northwest and the low values clustered in the southeast but became less obvious in 2010 when high values clustered in several counties in the southwest and low values took up almost the entire northeast and some counties in the middle. Furthermore, we found that the HDI of all the city districts were significantly higher than their surrounding rural counties in both 2000 and 2010. Urbanization rates are found to be positively correlated with the HDI even when we controlled the effects of the GDP ( p < 0.001). This study illustrated that the HDI and GDP told different stories on local performance in development at the county level. Translating the fast economic growth into an improvement in education and health relies on many other factors and our results seem to suggest that urbanization is one of these factors.

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  • Ganlin Huang & Yaqiong Jiang, 2017. "Urbanization and Socioeconomic Development in Inner Mongolia in 2000 and 2010: A GIS Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(2), pages 1-11, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:2:p:235-:d:89920
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    2. Shiyin Chen & Qingxu Huang & Ziwen Liu & Shiting Meng & Dan Yin & Lei Zhu & Chunyang He, 2019. "Assessing the Regional Sustainability of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration from 2000 to 2015 Using the Human Sustainable Development Index," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-17, June.
    3. Nerajda Feruni & Eglantina Hysa & Mirela Panait & Irina Gabriela Rădulescu & Alina Brezoi, 2020. "The Impact of Corruption, Economic Freedom and Urbanization on Economic Development: Western Balkans versus EU-27," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-22, November.
    4. Tripathi, Sabyasachi, 2019. "Urbanization and Human Development Index: Cross-country evidence," MPRA Paper 97474, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Dana Kiseľáková & Beáta Šofranková & Miroslav Gombár & Veronika Čabinová & Erika Onuferová, 2019. "Competitiveness and Its Impact on Sustainability, Business Environment, and Human Development of EU (28) Countries in terms of Global Multi-Criteria Indices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-25, June.

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