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Energy Efficiency and Sustainability Evaluation of Space and Water Heating in Urban Residential Buildings of the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone in China

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  • Xiao Chen

    (Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wind Generator and Its Control, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
    School of Architectural Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China)

  • Yongquan Wen

    (School of Architectural Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China)

  • Nanyang Li

    (School of Architectural Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China)

Abstract

With the urbanization process of the hot summer and cold winter (HSCW) zone in China, the energy consumption of space and water heating in urban residential buildings of the HSCW zone has increased rapidly. This study presents the energy efficiency and sustainability evaluation of various ways of space and water heating taking 10 typical cities in the HSCW zone as research cases. Two indicators, primary energy efficiency (PEE) and sustainability index based on exergy efficiency, are adopted to perform the evaluation. Models for the energy and total exergy efficiencies of various space and water heating equipment/systems are developed. The evaluation results indicate that common uses of electricity for space and water heating are the most unsustainable ways of space and water heating. In terms of PEE and sustainability index, air-source heat pumps for space and water heating are suitable for the HSCW zone. The PEE and sustainability index of solar water heaters with auxiliary electric heaters are greatly influenced by local solar resources. Air-source heat pump assisted solar hot water systems are the most sustainable among all water heating equipment/systems investigated in this study. Our works suggest the key potential for improving the energy efficiency and the sustainability of space and water heating in urban residential buildings of the HSCW zone.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiao Chen & Yongquan Wen & Nanyang Li, 2016. "Energy Efficiency and Sustainability Evaluation of Space and Water Heating in Urban Residential Buildings of the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-14, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:8:y:2016:i:10:p:989-:d:79670
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Xin Fu & Xiaoqian Qian & Lina Wang, 2017. "Energy Efficiency for Airtightness and Exterior Wall Insulation of Passive Houses in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-14, June.
    2. Yongxia Ding & Wei Qu & Shuwen Niu & Man Liang & Wenli Qiang & Zhenguo Hong, 2016. "Factors Influencing the Spatial Difference in Household Energy Consumption in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(12), pages 1-20, December.

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