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Development of Environmentally Sustainable Methods for Treatment of Domestic Wastewater and Handling of Sewage Sludge on Yap Island

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  • Joseph D. Rouse

    (Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific, University of Guam, UOG Station, Mangilao 96923, Guam)

Abstract

A survey was conducted of the wastewater treatment systems and related sludge handling practices on the island of Yap, in the Federated States of Micronesia, to assist in identifying areas where further work would be merited to improve on effectiveness and sustainability. A detailed inventory was made of communal septic tanks as found at health centers and schools. Though most of these septic tanks appeared to be functional, there were concerns due to some units being positioned within the tidal zone, covered over with vegetation, or out of reach of the pump truck. Furthermore, the centralized wastewater treatment plant on Yap provides only primary treatment consisting of a limited removal of suspended solids. Thus, only partially treated sewage is being discharged to the bay. Excess sludge is drawn from the treatment plant on a quarterly basis, which local farmers regularly make use of as fertilizer for crop application without adequate treatment. As an immediate target for further study and pilot testing, exploring the use of an attached-growth process as an inexpensive retrofit to enhance the effectiveness of the treatment plant is proposed. In addition, the benefits of implementing a composting program for recycle of waste sludge in a safe manner and developing a framework for management of septic tanks are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Joseph D. Rouse, 2015. "Development of Environmentally Sustainable Methods for Treatment of Domestic Wastewater and Handling of Sewage Sludge on Yap Island," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(9), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:7:y:2015:i:9:p:12452-12464:d:55622
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joseph D. Rouse, 2013. "Sustainability of Wastewater Treatment and Excess Sludge Handling Practices in the Federated States of Micronesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 5(10), pages 1-12, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Oral, Hasan Volkan & Kakar, Ahmad Ehsan & Saygin, Hasan, 2021. "Feasible industrial sustainable development strategies for the Herat Province of Afghanistan," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    2. Yuanmin Sun & Kunxian Tang & Hui Song & Degang Jiang & Shan Chen & Wulin Tu & Luchun Cai & Haiping Huang & Fei Zhang, 2022. "The Effect of Domestic Sewage Treatment on Islands Using Ecological Treatment Processes: A Case Study of Haimen Island, Fujian Province," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-12, November.

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