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Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with States of Charging Stations

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  • Gitae Kim

    (Department of Industrial Management Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

This paper proposes an electric vehicle routing problem, considers the states of charging stations and suggests solution strategies. The charging of electric vehicles is a main issue in the field of electric vehicle routing. There are many studies that find the locations of charging stations, recharging functions for the batteries of vehicles, and so on. However, the state of charging stations significantly affects the routes of electric vehicles, which is not much explored. The states may include open or closed charging stations, occupied or empty charging slots, and so on. This paper investigates how the states of charging stations are estimated and how routing strategies are determined. We formulate a mixed integer programming model and suggest how to solve the problem with an exact method. Numerical examples provide the optimal routing strategies of electric vehicles for the changing environments regarding the states of charging stations.

Suggested Citation

  • Gitae Kim, 2024. "Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with States of Charging Stations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:8:p:3439-:d:1379249
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xiao, Yiyong & Zhang, Yue & Kaku, Ikou & Kang, Rui & Pan, Xing, 2021. "Electric vehicle routing problem: A systematic review and a new comprehensive model with nonlinear energy recharging and consumption," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    2. Nolz, Pamela C. & Absi, Nabil & Feillet, Dominique & Seragiotto, Clóvis, 2022. "The consistent electric-Vehicle routing problem with backhauls and charging management," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 302(2), pages 700-716.
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    4. Montoya, Alejandro & Guéret, Christelle & Mendoza, Jorge E. & Villegas, Juan G., 2017. "The electric vehicle routing problem with nonlinear charging function," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 87-110.
    5. Schneider, M. & Stenger, A. & Goeke, D., 2014. "The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Recharging Stations," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 62382, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    6. Marius M. Solomon, 1987. "Algorithms for the Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problems with Time Window Constraints," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 35(2), pages 254-265, April.
    7. Schneider, M. & Stenger, A. & Hof, J., 2015. "An Adaptive VNS Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problems with Intermediate Stops," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 63500, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
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