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The Impact of Multi-Dimensional Urbanization on CO 2 Emissions: Empirical Evidence from Jiangsu, China, at the County Level

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  • Jun Zhai

    (College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Institute of Digital Forestry & Green Development, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China)

  • Fanbin Kong

    (College of Economics and Management, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    Institute of Digital Forestry & Green Development, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
    School of Economics and Management, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
    Research Academy for Rural Revitalization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

Abstract

Understanding the underlying mechanism of how various dimensions of urbanization affect CO 2 emissions could be helpful for achieving the goal of low-carbon cities in China. However, previous research has seldomly examined this relationship granularly in economically developed regions at the micro level, nor did they examine the mediating effects of economic development, industrial structure, and coal consumption. Using the panel dataset of 80 counties from 2002 to 2021 at the county level in Jiangsu, China, this study investigates the direct and indirect effects of population, economic, and land urbanizations on CO 2 emissions in Jiangsu province and examines the regional heterogeneity. The findings indicate that population and economic urbanization have positive impacts on CO 2 emissions, whereas land urbanization has insignificant effects. This finding is supported by various robustness tests. Population and economic urbanizations are found to have significantly positive impacts on CO 2 emissions in the southern and northern Jiangsu regions, whereas none of the three dimensions are significant in the middle Jiangsu region. Economic urbanization contributes the most to CO 2 emissions in southern Jiangsu. In addition, our results indicate that multi-dimensional urbanizations affect CO 2 emissions through the mediating roles of economic development, industrial structure, and coal consumption. Our analysis shed some insights into the nuanced relationship between multi-dimensional urbanization and carbon emissions, which could contribute to sustainable urban transformation.

Suggested Citation

  • Jun Zhai & Fanbin Kong, 2024. "The Impact of Multi-Dimensional Urbanization on CO 2 Emissions: Empirical Evidence from Jiangsu, China, at the County Level," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:7:p:3005-:d:1370099
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