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Converting Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash and Municipal Sludge into Environmentally Compatible Alkali-Activated Material

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Listed:
  • Zengqing Sun

    (School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

  • Xiaoyu Li

    (School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

  • Min Gan

    (School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

  • Zhiyun Ji

    (School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

  • Xiaohui Fan

    (School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

  • Jinxin Xing

    (School of Minerals Processing & Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)

Abstract

The production of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) and municipal sludge (MS) has been increasing annually, raising concerns about proper disposal. In this study, a thermal treatment method with attributes of energy efficiency and complete detoxification was applied to synergistically convert MSWI-FA and MS into precursors for the synthesis of high-strength alkali-activated materials (AAMs). The impact of mass ratios of MSWI-FA and MS on the mineralogy, microstructure, and reactivity of obtained precursors were investigated. The mechanism of alkali activation was deeply studied by characterizing the evolution of reaction products. The strength development of synthesized AAMs was characterized in a one-year time scale, as well as the environmental compatibility. The results revealed that strength, with values ranging from 12.8–33.0 MPa at 3 d, 29.5–44.1 MPa at 28 d and 39.3–54.8 MPa at 365 d. Furthermore, after one year of curing, the release of Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, and Ba from synthesized AAMs into both deionized water and acetic acid were far below the regulatory limits in China. All these contribute to promoting the safe disposal and effective valorization of MSWI-FA and MS.

Suggested Citation

  • Zengqing Sun & Xiaoyu Li & Min Gan & Zhiyun Ji & Xiaohui Fan & Jinxin Xing, 2024. "Converting Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash and Municipal Sludge into Environmentally Compatible Alkali-Activated Material," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:18:p:7912-:d:1475388
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tseng-Hsian Lin & Hung-Jung Siao & Sue-Huai Gau & Jen-Hwa Kuo & Ming-Guo Li & Chang-Jung Sun, 2023. "Life-Cycle Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash Recycling as a Feedstock for Brick Manufacturing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-20, June.
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