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Increases in the Amounts of Agricultural Surfaces and Their Impact on the Sustainability of Groundwater Resources in North-Central Chile

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  • Roberto Pizarro

    (UNESCO Chair Surface Hydrology, University of Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile
    Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD)-ANID BASAL FB210015, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810128, Chile
    Faculty of Forest Sciences and Nature Conservancy, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, Chile
    Dirección de Innovación, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile)

  • Francisca Borcoski

    (UNESCO Chair Surface Hydrology, University of Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile)

  • Ben Ingram

    (UNESCO Chair Surface Hydrology, University of Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile)

  • Ramón Bustamante-Ortega

    (UNESCO Chair Surface Hydrology, University of Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile)

  • Claudia Sangüesa

    (UNESCO Chair Surface Hydrology, University of Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile
    Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD)-ANID BASAL FB210015, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810128, Chile)

  • Alfredo Ibáñez

    (UNESCO Chair Surface Hydrology, University of Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile
    Centro Nacional de Excelencia para la Industria de la Madera (CENAMAD)-ANID BASAL FB210015, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7810128, Chile)

  • Cristóbal Toledo

    (UNESCO Chair Surface Hydrology, University of Talca, Talca 3467769, Chile)

  • Cristian Vidal

    (Faculty of Engineering, School of Videogame Development and Virtual Reality Engineering, University of Talca, Campus Talca, Talca 3480260, Chile)

  • Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
    Intergovernmental Hydrological Program, United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Montevideo 11200, Uruguay)

Abstract

Water is a fundamental resource for Chile’s productive structure, which is more important in arid areas, and especially with agricultural uses. This study was based on two basins (Cogotí and Illapel) located in the Coquimbo Region of north-central Chile. In this region, surface water rights were closed in 2002 and the only current option is the use of groundwater. These basins have high water demands due to the use of surface and groundwater for agricultural purposes, a fact that should influence the sustainability of groundwater reserves over time. The objective of this study was to determine how much agricultural use has affected the availability of groundwater in two basins. Under the previous context, the evolution of agricultural irrigation surfaces was evaluated using Landsat images and forest classifications. Similarly, groundwater reserves were evaluated using the recessive curves of hydrographs associated with the beginning of each hydrological year. The results show an increase in the agricultural area between 1996 and 2016, with a subsequent decrease, while groundwater reserves denoted significant decreases over time. In conclusion, a significant decrease in the volumes of groundwater reserves in both basins was observed, a decrease that is consistent with the increase in irrigated areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Roberto Pizarro & Francisca Borcoski & Ben Ingram & Ramón Bustamante-Ortega & Claudia Sangüesa & Alfredo Ibáñez & Cristóbal Toledo & Cristian Vidal & Pablo A. Garcia-Chevesich, 2024. "Increases in the Amounts of Agricultural Surfaces and Their Impact on the Sustainability of Groundwater Resources in North-Central Chile," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7570-:d:1469020
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rijsberman, Frank R., 2006. "Water scarcity: Fact or fiction?," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 80(1-3), pages 5-22, February.
    2. Gordon, Line J. & Finlayson, C. Max & Falkenmark, Malin, 2010. "Managing water in agriculture for food production and other ecosystem services," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 97(4), pages 512-519, April.
    3. Pablo Sarricolea & Mariajosé Herrera-Ossandon & Óliver Meseguer-Ruiz, 2017. "Climatic regionalisation of continental Chile," Journal of Maps, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(2), pages 66-73, November.
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