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Carbon Accounting for Permeable Pavement Based on the Full Life Cycle Approach and Its Application

Author

Listed:
  • Lu Wang

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Zhiyuan Shao

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

  • Xurui Zhang

    (College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Yafei Wang

    (School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

Abstract

Conventional pavement in aging communities requires renovation in alignment with global carbon reduction initiatives. This study, centered on upgrading facilities in Guangdong, Hong Kong, and the Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA), utilized the Energy Expert platform to assess the carbon footprint of permeable pavement using life cycle assessment (LCA). The results revealed that the total carbon emission of the 64,065 m 2 permeable pavement was 7066.21 tCO 2 eq. The carbon emission contribution, from highest to lowest, was the production phase, maintenance phase, end-of-life phase, and construction phase. Notably, transportation alone constituted a substantial portion, amounting to 30.15% of total carbon emissions. Compared to traditional pavements, permeable pavement showcased substantial potential for carbon reduction, primarily during the use phase, by enhancing groundwater recharge and mitigating the urban heat island effect, which is critical in reducing the carbon footprint. The estimated total carbon reduction was 853.10 tCO 2 eq. Sensitivity analysis highlighted diesel energy use in the maintenance phase (51.20%), transportation of cement raw materials in the production phase (45.80%), and transportation of graded gravel for disposal in the end-of-life phase (3.00%) as key factors. Our findings suggest that adopting specific carbon reduction measures, such as substituting gangue for cement binder, transitioning to manual sweeping, and recycling all discarded materials can achieve notable reductions in the respective phases. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of permeable pavement in reducing carbon emissions, providing insights for the renovation of aging communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Lu Wang & Zhiyuan Shao & Xurui Zhang & Yafei Wang, 2024. "Carbon Accounting for Permeable Pavement Based on the Full Life Cycle Approach and Its Application," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-15, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:17:p:7293-:d:1463424
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tereza Assis Bicalho Bicalho & Ildo Sauer & Alexandre Rambaud & Yulia Altukhova-Nys, 2017. "LCA data quality: A management science perspective," Post-Print hal-02958533, HAL.
    2. Mariacrocetta Sambito & Alessandro Severino & Gabriele Freni & Larysa Neduzha, 2021. "A Systematic Review of the Hydrological, Environmental and Durability Performance of Permeable Pavement Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-12, April.
    3. Cara Poor & Jackson Kaye & Rodney Struck & Ruben Gonzalez, 2023. "Permeable Pavement in the Northwestern United States: Pollution Source or Treatment Option?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-14, August.
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