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Chemically Catalyzed Phytoextraction for Sustainable Cleanup of Soil Lead Contamination in a Community Garden in Jersey City, New Jersey

Author

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  • Zhiming Zhang

    (Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA)

  • Dibyendu Sarkar

    (Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA)

  • Frances Levy

    (Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA)

  • Rupali Datta

    (Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA)

Abstract

Soil lead (Pb) contamination in Pb paint-contaminated homes is a serious health risk in urban areas. Phytoextraction is a green and sustainable technology for soil Pb remediation, but its efficiency depends on the geochemical partitioning of Pb in soil. Following successful laboratory, greenhouse, and panel experiments, a field study was conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of a chemically catalyzed phytoextraction model for Pb removal. A biodegradable chelating agent, ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (EDDS) was applied during Pb phytoextraction by vetiver grass ( Chrysopogon zizanioides ) in a Pb-contaminated community garden in Jersey City, New Jersey. Results showed that soil Pb concentration was reduced from 1144 to 359 mg/kg in 3 years, despite ongoing Pb input to the field plots from a nearby construction site. EDDS was effective in converting non-plant-available forms of Pb (i.e., carbonate-bound, oxide-bound, and organic-bound forms) to plant-available forms (i.e., water-soluble and exchangeable forms). With EDDS application, vetiver roots accumulated 532, 231, and 401 mg/kg of Pb in Years 1, 2, and 3, respectively, which were higher than the values obtained without EDDS applications (228, 154, and 214 mg/kg). This field study demonstrated the effectiveness of a chemically catalyzed phytoextraction model for Pb removal from urban soils.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhiming Zhang & Dibyendu Sarkar & Frances Levy & Rupali Datta, 2023. "Chemically Catalyzed Phytoextraction for Sustainable Cleanup of Soil Lead Contamination in a Community Garden in Jersey City, New Jersey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:7492-:d:1138513
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mielke, H.W. & Anderson, J.C. & Berry, K.J. & Mielke, P.W. & Chaney, R.L. & Leech, M., 1983. "Lead concentrations in inner city soils as a factor in the child lead problem," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 73(12), pages 1366-1369.
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    Cited by:

    1. Maria Manzoor & Usman Rauf Kamboh & Sumaira Gulshan & Sven Tomforde & Iram Gul & Alighazi Siddiqui & Muhammad Arshad, 2023. "Optimizing Sustainable Phytoextraction of Lead from Contaminated Soil Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-17, July.

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