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Use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Boosting Antioxidant Enzyme Metabolism and Mitigating Saline Stress in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

Author

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  • Abdurrahim Yilmaz

    (Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey)

  • Ertan Yildirim

    (Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey)

  • Hilal Yilmaz

    (Plant and Animal Production Program, Izmit Vocational School, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli 41285, Turkey)

  • Hakkı Ekrem Soydemir

    (Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey)

  • Emrah Güler

    (Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey)

  • Vahdettin Ciftci

    (Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14030, Turkey)

  • Mehmet Yaman

    (Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38030, Turkey)

Abstract

Salinity is one of the outstanding abiotic stress conditions that a significant part of the world faces. In recent years, beneficial microorganisms started to be utilized in plants to overcome several abiotic factors, including salinity. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) mixture on growth and enzymatic responses in basil under salt stress were investigated using saline doses of 0 mM (Control), 150 mM, and 300 mM. Results showed that AMF enhanced all growth parameters, but only the leaf number was statistically significant. However, antioxidant enzymes, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) by 25%, catalase (CAT) by 25%, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 5%, significantly enhanced. At the same time, the accumulation of oxidative enzymes, like hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA), was reduced, from 12.05 μmol g −1 fw (control) to 11.17 μmol g −1 fw (AMF) and from 14.29 μmol g −1 fw to 10.74 μmol g −1 fw, respectively. AMF also significantly alleviated the chlorophyll loss caused by increasing saline doses. Multivariate analyses revealed the co-occurrence of stress metabolism enzymes as well as the proximate effect of AMF inoculation on basil yield and enzymatic activity. As a result, AMF was considered an appropriate tool for increasing growth and reducing salt stress under both stress-free and saline conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdurrahim Yilmaz & Ertan Yildirim & Hilal Yilmaz & Hakkı Ekrem Soydemir & Emrah Güler & Vahdettin Ciftci & Mehmet Yaman, 2023. "Use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi for Boosting Antioxidant Enzyme Metabolism and Mitigating Saline Stress in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5982-:d:1111526
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ndiaye Ibra Ndiate & Qamar uz Zaman & Imade Nosakahre Francis & Oyeyemi Adigun Dada & Abdul Rehman & Muhammad Asif & Deborah Goffner & Aboubacry Kane & Cai Liqun & Fasih Ullah Haider, 2022. "Soil Amendment with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Biochar Improves Salinity Tolerance, Growth, and Lipid Metabolism of Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Yan-Jun Ai & Fu-Ping Li & Jia-Qing Yang & Sai Lu & Hai-Hong Gu, 2022. "Research Progress and Potential Functions of AMF and GRSP in the Ecological Remediation of Metal Tailings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Rosseel, Yves, 2012. "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 48(i02).
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