Equalization Measurement and Optimization of the Public Cultural Facilities Distribution in Tianjin Central Area

In the context of urban stock renewal, the spatial arrangement of public cultural facilities (PCFs) should follow the principles of equity and efficiency to ensure that residents have equitable access to and quality of public cultural services. The aim of this article is to study the spatial distribution of PCFs and the coupling of supply and demand of cultural resources in Tianjin’s central area. By building a supply-demand coupling coordination model and other methods, the equalization of the spatial distribution of PCFs is measured from various perspectives, and the results suggest that more than half of the sub-districts are in a situation of supply and demand imbalance. To fulfill the purpose of meeting residents’ actual needs, balancing supply and demand for cultural resources, and coordinating the increase in stock, these sub-districts’ facilities enter the step of optimization. Depending on the circumstances, the quality and scale of these facilities are optimized, or new facility points are added based on the maximized coverage model. The optimization is shown to be beneficial in terms of updating design and coverage quantity using two real-world cases. Finally, the coverage of facilities in the study area is maximized, facility utilization is made more efficient, and residents’ needs for public cultural services are satisfied.