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Performance Improvement of Solar Desalination System Based on CeO 2 -MWCNT Hybrid Nanofluid

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  • Ajay Kumar Kaviti

    (Centre for Solar Energy Materials, Vallurupalli Nageswara Rao Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology (VNRVJIET), Hyderabad 500090, India
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vallurupalli Nageswara Rao Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology (VNRVJIET), Hyderabad 500090, India)

  • Siva Ram Akkala

    (Centre for Solar Energy Materials, Vallurupalli Nageswara Rao Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology (VNRVJIET), Hyderabad 500090, India
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vallurupalli Nageswara Rao Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology (VNRVJIET), Hyderabad 500090, India)

  • Mohd Affan Ali

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vallurupalli Nageswara Rao Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology (VNRVJIET), Hyderabad 500090, India)

  • Pulagam Anusha

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vallurupalli Nageswara Rao Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology (VNRVJIET), Hyderabad 500090, India)

  • Vineet Singh Sikarwar

    (Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Za Slovankou 1782/3, 182 00 Prague, Czech Republic
    Department of Power Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
    Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium)

Abstract

There is a scarcity of freshwater resources and their quality is deteriorating. As a result, meeting human needs is getting more and more challenging. Additionally, significant health problems are brought on by a shortage of freshwater. Therefore, finding a sustainable alternative technique for producing clean water is necessary. Solar distillation is one of the methods that can be implemented to enhance the overall production of pure water. In this work, a hybrid nanofluid was prepared using a two-step method with cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in a ratio of 80:20. The concentrations of hybrid nanofluids investigated were 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.06%. The surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used to keep the hybrid nanofluid stable. The studies were carried out over three days in both conventional and modified stills at a constant depth of 1 cm of hybrid nanofluid. The modified still (MS) achieved a maximum production of 1430 mL compared to the conventional still’s (CS) maximum output of 920 mL. The CPL (Cost per liter) for MS was USD 0.039, and for CS, it was USD 0.045. The levels of TDS in the MS and CS were 96.38% and 92.55% lower than those in saline water. The fluoride ion level of saline water was 0.635 mg/L, whereas the distilled water of MS and CS are 0.339 mg/L and 0.414 mg/L, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Ajay Kumar Kaviti & Siva Ram Akkala & Mohd Affan Ali & Pulagam Anusha & Vineet Singh Sikarwar, 2023. "Performance Improvement of Solar Desalination System Based on CeO 2 -MWCNT Hybrid Nanofluid," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:5:p:4268-:d:1082388
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Akkala, Siva Ram & Kaviti, Ajay Kumar & ArunKumar, T. & Sikarwar, Vineet Singh, 2021. "Progress on suspended nanostructured engineering materials powered solar distillation- a review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
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    1. Ajay Kumar Kaviti & Magadapalli Teja & Oruganti Madhukar & Polaboina Bhanu Teja & Vakapalli Aashish & Gembali Srinivasa Gupta & Akkala Sivaram & Vineet Singh Sikarwar, 2023. "Productivity Augmentation of Solar Stills by Coupled Copper Tubes and Parabolic Fins," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-14, September.

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