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SCKPISec: A KPI-Guided Model-Based Approach to Realize Security by Design for Smart City Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Tong Ye

    (College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China)

  • Yi Zhuang

    (College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China)

  • Gongzhe Qiao

    (College of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China)

Abstract

This paper focuses on security by design for smart city systems. Insecure smart city systems may cause serious losses to the social, environmental and economic development of smart cities. Therefore, it is essential to ensure security by design for smart city systems. For large-scale, hyper-connected smart city systems consisting of a large number of interconnected devices of different types, analyzing the impact of security threats on the whole system as well as the various aspects of smart cities at the early design stage of the system is an important and difficult problem that remains unsolved. To address this problem, this paper proposes a KPI-guided model-based approach and accompanying prototype tool, named SCKPISec ( S mart C ity KPI -guided Sec urity). By applying the techniques of UML modeling, formal modeling and verification, and KPIs evaluation, SCKPISec provides an effective way to realize KPI-guided security by design for smart city systems. We evaluated SCKPISec through case studies. The results show that SCKPISec can efficiently detect the potential problems of smart city systems under security threats and has high feasibility and applicability in ensuring KPI-guided security by design for smart city systems. Compared with existing model-based security approaches, the advantage of SCKPISec is that it has a highly automated verification process and provides an effective and efficient solution to evaluate the potential KPI losses of smart cities under security threats at the early design stage of smart city systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Tong Ye & Yi Zhuang & Gongzhe Qiao, 2023. "SCKPISec: A KPI-Guided Model-Based Approach to Realize Security by Design for Smart City Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-41, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:1884-:d:1040417
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Minako Hara & Tomomi Nagao & Shinsuke Hannoe & Jiro Nakamura, 2016. "New Key Performance Indicators for a Smart Sustainable City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Ullah, Fahim & Qayyum, Siddra & Thaheem, Muhammad Jamaluddin & Al-Turjman, Fadi & Sepasgozar, Samad M.E., 2021. "Risk management in sustainable smart cities governance: A TOE framework," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    3. Rob Kitchin & Martin Dodge, 2019. "The (In)Security of Smart Cities: Vulnerabilities, Risks, Mitigation, and Prevention," Journal of Urban Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(2), pages 47-65, April.
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