IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i3p1811-d1039165.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Quality Assessment of Sludge from Filter Backwash Water in Swimming Pool Facilities

Author

Listed:
  • Edyta Łaskawiec

    (Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental and Power Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

Abstract

Swimming pools are examples of water-intensive facilities, where solutions for reducing economic and environmental costs are searched with increased frequency. One of the solutions supporting savings is the recovery of water from wastewater, including backwash water obtained while rinsing the filter bed. The study objective was the qualitative and quantitative assessment of post-coagulation sludges, the main pollutant found in the washings. During the analyses, assessment of the sedimentation capabilities of the sludges was performed (gravitationally), particle size distribution was assessed (particle size distribution analyser) and assessment of phytotoxicity with the use of plant indicators in short-term tests was performed ( Lemna minor , Lepidium sativum , Sinapis alba , Raphanus sativus ). The samples were collected from two independent circulations, which differed in terms of capacity and type of coagulant used. The tested post-coagulation sludges were characterized by high content of total suspended solids: in samples from Circuit 1 from 251 to 128 mg/L, in Circuit 2 from 489 to 228 mg/L. However, the sedimentation processes enabled significant separation of sludges. The hydrolyzed coagulant contributed to the improvement of sedimentation capabilities of the sludges. Despite the fact that in many samples low sludge concentrations favored stimulation of plant growth, the post-coagulation sludges can constitute a hazard to plant growth, particularly in the long-term perspective.

Suggested Citation

  • Edyta Łaskawiec, 2023. "Quality Assessment of Sludge from Filter Backwash Water in Swimming Pool Facilities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:1811-:d:1039165
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/1811/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/3/1811/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Iglesias, Ana & Garrote, Luis, 2015. "Adaptation strategies for agricultural water management under climate change in Europe," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 113-124.
    2. Sandra Ricart & Rubén A. Villar-Navascués & Maria Hernández-Hernández & Antonio M. Rico-Amorós & Jorge Olcina-Cantos & Enrique Moltó-Mantero, 2021. "Extending Natural Limits to Address Water Scarcity? The Role of Non-Conventional Water Fluxes in Climate Change Adaptation Capacity: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-31, February.
    3. Joanna Liebersbach & Alina Żabnieńska-Góra & Iwona Polarczyk & Marderos Ara Sayegh, 2021. "Feasibility of Grey Water Heat Recovery in Indoor Swimming Pools," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-41, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yang, Xin & Bornø, Marie Louise & Wei, Zhenhua & Liu, Fulai, 2021. "Combined effect of partial root drying and elevated atmospheric CO2 on the physiology and fruit quality of two genotypes of tomato plants with contrasting endogenous ABA levels," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 254(C).
    2. D. Santillán & L. Garrote & A. Iglesias & V. Sotes, 2020. "Climate change risks and adaptation: new indicators for Mediterranean viticulture," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 25(5), pages 881-899, May.
    3. Romero, Pascual & Botía, Pablo & del Amor, Francisco M. & Gil-Muñoz, Rocío & Flores, Pilar & Navarro, Josefa María, 2019. "Interactive effects of the rootstock and the deficit irrigation technique on wine composition, nutraceutical potential, aromatic profile, and sensory attributes under semiarid and water limiting condi," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    4. Nazemi, Neda & Foley, Rider W. & Louis, Garrick & Keeler, Lauren Withycombe, 2020. "Divergent agricultural water governance scenarios: The case of Zayanderud basin, Iran," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    5. Nikolaos Gourgouletis & Marianna Gkavrou & Evangelos Baltas, 2023. "Comparison of Empirical ETo Relationships with ERA5-Land and In Situ Data in Greece," Geographies, MDPI, vol. 3(3), pages 1-23, August.
    6. Romero, Pascual & Navarro, Josefa María & Ordaz, Pablo Botía, 2022. "Towards a sustainable viticulture: The combination of deficit irrigation strategies and agroecological practices in Mediterranean vineyards. A review and update," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 259(C).
    7. Al-Qthanin, Rahmah N. & AbdAlghafar, Ibrahim M. & Mahmoud, Doaa S. & Fikry, Ahmed M. & AlEnezi, Norah A. & Elesawi, Ibrahim Eid & AbuQamar, Synan F. & Gad, Mohamed M. & El-Tarabily, Khaled A., 2024. "Impact of rice straw mulching on water consumption and productivity of orange trees [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 298(C).
    8. Tran, Thong Anh & Nguyen, Tri Huu & Vo, Thang Tat, 2019. "Adaptation to flood and salinity environments in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Empirical analysis of farmer-led innovations," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 89-97.
    9. Zagaria, Cecilia & Schulp, Catharina J.E. & Zavalloni, Matteo & Viaggi, Davide & Verburg, Peter H., 2021. "Modelling transformational adaptation to climate change among crop farming systems in Romagna, Italy," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    10. Tiruye, A. E. & Belay, S. A. & Schmitter, Petra & Tegegne, Desalegn & Zimale, F. A. & Tilahun, S. A., 2023. "Yield, water productivity and nutrient balances under different water management technologies of irrigated wheat in Ethiopia," Papers published in Journals (Open Access), International Water Management Institute, pages 1-1(12):000.
    11. Trnka, Miroslav & Vizina, Adam & Hanel, Martin & Balek, Jan & Fischer, Milan & Hlavinka, Petr & Semerádová, Daniela & Štěpánek, Petr & Zahradníček, Pavel & Skalák, Petr & Eitzinger, Josef & Dubrovský,, 2022. "Increasing available water capacity as a factor for increasing drought resilience or potential conflict over water resources under present and future climate conditions," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    12. Mitter, Hermine & Schmid, Erwin, 2021. "Informing groundwater policies in semi-arid agricultural production regions under stochastic climate scenario impacts," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    13. Liu, Ziqiang & Jia, Guodong & Yu, Xinxiao, 2020. "Water uptake and WUE of Apple tree-Corn Agroforestry in the Loess hilly region of China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    14. Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Wasim & Rao Bahkat Yawar, 2023. "Assessing the Economic Implications of Climate Change on Agriculture in Punjab in Pakistan: Farmers Perception and Satisfaction," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(3), pages 348-365.
    15. de Castro-Pardo, Mónica & Cabello, José Manuel & Martín, José María & Ruiz, Francisco, 2023. "A multi reference point based index to assess and monitor European water policies from a sustainability approach," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    16. Saskia Keesstra & Jeroen Veraart & Jan Verhagen & Saskia Visser & Marit Kragt & Vincent Linderhof & Wilfred Appelman & Jolanda van den Berg & Ayodeji Deolu-Ajayi & Annemarie Groot, 2023. "Nature-Based Solutions as Building Blocks for the Transition towards Sustainable Climate-Resilient Food Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-20, March.
    17. Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Wasim & Rao Bahkat Yawar, 2023. "Assessing the Economic Implications of Climate Change on Agriculture in Punjab in Pakistan: Farmers Perception and Satisfaction," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(3), pages 501-518.
    18. Tocados-Franco, Enrique & Berbel, Julio & Expósito, Alfonso, 2023. "Water policy implications of perennial expansion in the Guadalquivir River Basin (southern Spain)," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    19. Alves, Gabriel de Sampaio Morais & Fulginiti, Lilyan & Perrin, Richard & Braga, Marcelo José, 2021. "The Use Value of Irrigation Water for Brazilian Agriculture," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315861, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    20. Marsz Andrzej A. & Sobkowiak Leszek & Styszyńska Anna & Wrzesiński Dariusz, 2022. "Causes and Course of Climate Change and Its Hydrological Consequences in the Greater Poland Region in 1951–2020," Quaestiones Geographicae, Sciendo, vol. 41(3), pages 183-206, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:1811-:d:1039165. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.