IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i24p16704-d1297140.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Combining SEM, fsQCA and BNs to Explore E-Bike Riders’ Helmet Wearing Intentions under the Impact of Mandatory Policies: An Empirical Study in Zhenjiang

Author

Listed:
  • Bichen Wang

    (School of Traffic and Automation Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Peng Jing

    (School of Traffic and Automation Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

  • Chengxi Jiang

    (School of Traffic and Automation Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China)

Abstract

China has become the largest country for e-bikes in the past decade, leading to a surge in road-related accidents. Chinese provinces and cities have successfully formulated local regulations, which set fines for not wearing helmets levying on e-bike riders. Without considering psychological resistance which is universal under the premise of compulsory legislation, the legislation and enforcement activities cannot continuously promote electric bikers’ helmet use. This study aims to investigate the predictors that influence e-bike riders’ intention to wear helmets by designing a research methodology that incorporates the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the protection motivation theory (PMT), and the psychological reactance theory (PRT). A multi-method analytical approach, including structural equation modeling (SEM), fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), and a Bayesian Network (BN) with a sample dataset of 846 respondents. SEM and fsQCA explored the intentions to wear helmets from linear and nonlinear perspectives. BN verifies the degree of influence between different configurations resulting from fsQCA, to predict which mental configurations could get the most significant impact on helmet use. A total of 11 configurations lead to high helmet-wearing intention, and 4 lead to low helmet-wearing intention. Policymakers could design safety policies on our research, such as driving licenses and special lectures for e-bike riders.

Suggested Citation

  • Bichen Wang & Peng Jing & Chengxi Jiang, 2023. "Combining SEM, fsQCA and BNs to Explore E-Bike Riders’ Helmet Wearing Intentions under the Impact of Mandatory Policies: An Empirical Study in Zhenjiang," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-25, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:24:p:16704-:d:1297140
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16704/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16704/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Romero-Castro, Noelia & Piñeiro-Chousa, Juan & Pérez-Pico, Ada, 2021. "Dealing with heterogeneity and complexity in the analysis of the willingness to invest in community renewable energy in rural areas," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    2. Dahms, Sven, 2019. "Foreign-owned subsidiary knowledge sourcing: The role of location and expatriates," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 178-188.
    3. Borhan, Muhamad Nazri & Ibrahim, Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi & Miskeen, Manssour A. Abdulasalm, 2019. "Extending the theory of planned behaviour to predict the intention to take the new high-speed rail for intercity travel in Libya: Assessment of the influence of novelty seeking, trust and external inf," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 373-384.
    4. Tao Wang & Sihong Xie & Xiaofei Ye & Xingchen Yan & Jun Chen & Wenyong Li, 2020. "Analyzing E-Bikers’ Risky Riding Behaviors, Safety Attitudes, Risk Perception, and Riding Confidence with the Structural Equation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-18, July.
    5. P. Fuster-Parra & A. García-Mas & F. Ponseti & P. Palou & J. Cruz, 2014. "A Bayesian network to discover relationships between negative features in sport: a case study of teen players," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 48(3), pages 1473-1491, May.
    6. Garcia-Ferrer, A. & de Juan, A. & Poncela, P., 2006. "Forecasting traffic accidents using disaggregated data," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 203-222.
    7. Kumar, Satish & Sahoo, Saumyaranjan & Lim, Weng Marc & Kraus, Sascha & Bamel, Umesh, 2022. "Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in business and management research: A contemporary overview," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiaomiao Yin & Lirong Xing & Chunxiao Cui, 2023. "The Impact of Multi-Dimensional Vectors on China’s Agricultural Products Export: Based on fsQCA," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-14, September.
    2. Kumar, Satish & Sahoo, Saumyaranjan & Lim, Weng Marc & Kraus, Sascha & Bamel, Umesh, 2022. "Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) in business and management research: A contemporary overview," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    3. Romero-Castro, N. & López-Cabarcos, M.A. & Piñeiro-Chousa, J., 2023. "Finance, technology, and values: A configurational approach to the analysis of rural entrepreneurship," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    4. Xiaojing Lu & Sebastian Jacques Manuel Boo & Xiaming Liu, 2024. "Is the relationship between institutional distance and subsidiary performance moderated by top management team? Evidence from Chinese multinational enterprises," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-15, December.
    5. Xue, Biao & Lin, Yan & Ren, Fangxiao & Li, Runfo, 2024. "Business environment ecosystem and manufacturing upgrading: A configurational approach," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 1225-1237.
    6. Chakravarty, Dwarka & Goerzen, Anthony & Musteen, Martina & Ahsan, Mujtaba, 2021. "Global cities: A multi-disciplinary review and research agenda," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 56(3).
    7. Mukherjee, Debmalya & Lim, Weng Marc & Kumar, Satish & Donthu, Naveen, 2022. "Guidelines for advancing theory and practice through bibliometric research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 101-115.
    8. Baihui Jin & Wei Li, 2023. "External Factors Impacting Residents’ Participation in Waste Sorting Using NCA and fsQCA Methods on Pilot Cities in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-21, February.
    9. Lee, Michael T. & Raschke, Robyn L. & Krishen, Anjala S., 2023. "Understanding ESG scores and firm performance: Are high-performing firms E, S, and G-balanced?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    10. Beynon, Malcolm & Pickernell, David & Battisti, Martina & Jones, Paul, 2024. "A panel fsQCA investigation on European regional innovation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    11. Lim, Weng Marc & Rasul, Tareq, 2022. "Customer engagement and social media: Revisiting the past to inform the future," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 325-342.
    12. A.S.M. Arroyo & A. de Juan Fern¨¢ndez, 2014. "Split-then-Combine Method for out-of-sample Combinations of Forecasts," Journal of Business Administration Research, Journal of Business Administration Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 3(1), pages 19-37, April.
    13. Green, Kesten C. & Armstrong, J. Scott, 2015. "Simple versus complex forecasting: The evidence," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(8), pages 1678-1685.
    14. Ivens, Björn & Kasper-Brauer, Kati & Leischnig, Alexander & Thornton, Sabrina C., 2024. "Implementing customer relationship management successfully: A configurational perspective," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    15. Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi Ibrahim & Muhamad Nazri Borhan & Nur Izzi Md. Yusoff & Amiruddin Ismail & Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid & Nor Aznirahani Mhd Yunin & Sotaro Yukawa, 2021. "Gender and Age Do Matter: Exploring the Effect of Passengers’ Gender and Age on the Perception of Light Rail Transit Service Quality in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-18, January.
    16. Piñeiro-Chousa, Juan & López-Cabarcos, M. Ángeles & Pérez-Pico, Ada M. & Caby, Jérôme, 2023. "The influence of Twitch and sustainability on the stock returns of video game companies: Before and after COVID-19," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    17. Farrukh Baig & Konstantinos Kirytopoulos & Jaeyoung Lee & Evangelos Tsamilis & Ruizhi Mao & Panagiotis Ntzeremes, 2022. "Changes in People’s Mobility Behavior in Greece after the COVID-19 Outbreak," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-22, March.
    18. Sham, Rohana & Chong, Han Xi & Cheng-Xi Aw, Eugene & Bibi Tkm Thangal, Thahira & Abdamia, Noranita binti, 2023. "Switching up the delivery game: Understanding switching intention to retail drone delivery services," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    19. Marie Romuald Pouka Pouka & Viviane Ondoua Biwolé, 2024. "Does causal analysis improve the understanding of entrepreneurial support for SME performance?," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.
    20. Ahmad Nazrul Hakimi Ibrahim & Muhamad Nazri Borhan & Riza Atiq O.K. Rahmat, 2020. "Understanding Users’ Intention to Use Park-and-Ride Facilities in Malaysia: The Role of Trust as a Novel Construct in the Theory of Planned Behaviour," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-14, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:24:p:16704-:d:1297140. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.