IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i22p16104-d1283482.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Examining the Impact of Crowding Perception on the Generation of Negative Emotions among Users of Small Urban Micro Public Spaces

Author

Listed:
  • Jun Zhang

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

  • Ruoming Qi

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

  • Huina Zhang

    (School of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

Abstract

The improvement of urban congestion and the mood of the populace is vital for achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. This paper aims to test the hypothesis that crowding in urban micro public spaces (UMPSs) affects emotions, and two different methods were used: a psychological questionnaire to measure whether crowding in such spaces elicits negative emotional responses from users and a portable electroencephalography (EEG) device to explore emotional responses. This study was conducted in Shenyang, China, based on the city’s relevant policies and the type and number of micro spaces and micro public spaces, proving that Shenyang City has paid more attention to planning micro spaces and micro public spaces in its urban development. The results show that 1. UMPS crowding awakens negative emotions in users, which affects their intention to revisit the UMPS, and 2. If the UMPS is more attractive to users, it also improves the negative emotions due to crowding, which implies that the attractiveness of the environment does play an important moderating role. This study may inspire the construction concept of UMPSs in different countries and cities, complementing the planning of urban public spaces to provide more social equity. The creation of UMPS has a positive effect on neighborhood interactions, community network construction, and the reproduction of social capital, which can contribute to the sustainable development of cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Jun Zhang & Ruoming Qi & Huina Zhang, 2023. "Examining the Impact of Crowding Perception on the Generation of Negative Emotions among Users of Small Urban Micro Public Spaces," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-25, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:22:p:16104-:d:1283482
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/22/16104/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/22/16104/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Weiting Shan & Chunliang Xiu & Yining Meng, 2022. "How to Design Greenway on Urban Land Utilization: Linking Place Preference, Perceived Health Benefit, and Environmental Perception," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-20, October.
    2. Jong-Hyeong Kim & Jianan Guo & Yisan Wang, 2022. "Tourists’ negative emotions: antecedents and consequences," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(12), pages 1987-2005, June.
    3. Jie Yin & Yingchao Ji & Yensen Ni, 2023. "Love me, love my dog: does destination attractiveness not only mitigate tourists’ anger and regret emotions but also prevent negative word of mouth?," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(13), pages 2166-2184, July.
    4. Peter C. Terry & Albertas Skurvydas & Ausra Lisinskiene & Daiva Majauskiene & Dovile Valanciene & Sydney Cooper & Marc Lochbaum, 2022. "Validation of a Lithuanian-Language Version of the Brunel Mood Scale: The BRUMS-LTU," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-16, April.
    5. Hristijan Popovski & Alison Young, 2023. "Small Things in Everyday Places: Homelessness, Dissent and Affordances in Public Space," The British Journal of Criminology, Centre for Crime and Justice Studies, vol. 63(3), pages 727-747.
    6. Jie Yin & Yingchao Ji & Yensen Ni, 2023. "Love me, love my dog: does destination attractiveness not only mitigate tourists’ anger and regret emotions but also prevent negative word of mouth?," Current Issues in Tourism, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(13), pages 2184-2202, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chunyan Zhu & Jingzhu Li & Jinming Luo & Xi Li & Tianhui Li & Wei Wang & Shanshan Fu & Weizhen Zeng, 2024. "An Investigation of the Restorative Benefits of Different Spaces in an Urban Riverside Greenway for College Students—A Simple Autumn Outdoor Experiment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Zare, Samira & Ye, Isabella Qing, 2023. "Contested tourists' border-crossing experiences," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    3. Peter C. Terry & Renée L. Parsons-Smith & Albertas Skurvydas & Aušra Lisinskienė & Daiva Majauskienė & Dovilė Valančienė & Sydney Cooper & Marc Lochbaum, 2022. "Physical Activity and Healthy Habits Influence Mood Profile Clusters in a Lithuanian Population," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-16, August.
    4. Philip Chun Foong Lew & Renée L. Parsons-Smith & Andrea Lamont-Mills & Peter C. Terry, 2023. "Cross-Cultural Validation of the Malaysian Mood Scale and Tests of Between-Group Mood Differences," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-24, February.
    5. Honglin Wu & Li Zhu & Jiang Li & Ni Zhang & Yilin Sun & Yue Tang & Xiaokang Wang & Chuang Cheng, 2023. "Evaluation and Optimization of Restorative Environmental Perception of Treetop Trails: The Case of the Mountains-to-Sea Trail, Xiamen, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-18, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:22:p:16104-:d:1283482. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.