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The Relationship between Residential Block Forms and Building Carbon Emissions to Achieve Carbon Neutrality Goals: A Case Study of Wuhan, China

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Listed:
  • Haitao Lian

    (School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
    School of Architecture and Design, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China)

  • Junhan Zhang

    (Stuart Weitzman School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Gaomei Li

    (School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
    Hubei Engineering and Technology Research Center of Urbanization, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Rui Ren

    (School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
    Department of Architecture and Urban Studies, Politecnico di Milano, 20158 Milan, Italy)

Abstract

Controlling building carbon emissions (CEs) is key to achieving the goal of carbon neutrality. Residential blocks are the main contributors of buildings’ carbon emissions and intensity, and thus can be manipulated to achieve carbon neutrality. This work aimed to evaluate the building carbon emissions intensity (CEI) levels of residential blocks using Rhino and Grasshopper and to quantify the relationship between the block form parameters and a building’s carbon emissions (CEs). Firstly, 48 cases were selected by stratified sampling, and they were classified by architectural typology. Secondly, the residential block morphological parameters and building carbon emissions were calculated. Thirdly, the relationship between the block form parameters and the building’s CE was quantified using statistical methods. Lastly, low-carbon planning strategies for residential blocks under the target of carbon neutrality were proposed. The findings showed that the influence of the block form parameters on a building’s CE was 31.66%. A building’s shape factor has a positive influence on its CE, and the floor area ratio, building volume–site area ratio, and building height have negative influences on its CE. A building’s shape factor, cover ratio, and surface–site area ratio synergistically impact its CE. The weight of a building’s shape factor on its carbon emissions was 3.84 times that of its cover ratio and 4.46 times that of its surface–site area ratio. The technology workflow proposed in this study can provide data in support of carbon emissions assessments and low-carbon planning strategies for urban blocks in other cities in China and worldwide.

Suggested Citation

  • Haitao Lian & Junhan Zhang & Gaomei Li & Rui Ren, 2023. "The Relationship between Residential Block Forms and Building Carbon Emissions to Achieve Carbon Neutrality Goals: A Case Study of Wuhan, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:22:p:15751-:d:1276354
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Filogamo, Luana & Peri, Giorgia & Rizzo, Gianfranco & Giaccone, Antonino, 2014. "On the classification of large residential buildings stocks by sample typologies for energy planning purposes," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 825-835.
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