IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i20p15077-d1263499.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Study of Settlement Patterns in Farming–Pastoral Zones in Eastern Inner Mongolia Using Planar Quantization and Cluster Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Hui Xu

    (Design College, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China)

  • Qin Guo

    (Design College, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China)

  • Chaoketu Siqin

    (School of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China)

  • Yingjie Li

    (School of Forestry, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China)

  • Fei Gao

    (School of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

Abstract

Settlements are comprehensive carriers of the material form expression and social appearance of human activities under specific geographical environmental choices. The analysis and preservation of their forms are important principles and strategies for rural settlement planning and construction. In this study, 28 settlements in the farming–pastoral zones in eastern Inner Mongolia were selected as the research objects. By combining fractal geometry and computer programming, the relationship between the boundary form, spatial structure, and architectural order of the settlements was quantitatively expressed, and quantitative indicators that better summarize the form of the settlements in the farming–pastoral zones in eastern Inner Mongolia were extracted. Then, factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS26.0) to obtain the characteristic types of settlement forms. Finally, the classification results were combined with social and humanistic factors and the geographical environment to test the rationality of the results. The results show that (1) five form indicators effectively describe the settlement forms in the research area, among which the shape index, dimension of the public space, and architectural density play a crucial role in the spatial structure factors. (2) In this study, we mainly used a data collection and processing–principal component extraction and systematic clustering-type division method to complete scientific research on settlement form classification. (3) By combining the clustering results with the spatial form features and analysis mainly based on spatial structure factors, the settlement forms in the farming–pastoral zones in eastern Inner Mongolia are described as three typical types: multidirectional expanding settlement, settlement patterns extending at both ends, and centripetal development settlement. Furthermore, the characteristics of the human–land relationship implicit in each type of settlement form are explained, achieving a scientific representation and classification of the settlement forms. The research results provide useful quantitative guidance for rural revitalization, settlement form optimization, and preservation in the farming–pastoral zones in eastern Inner Mongolia

Suggested Citation

  • Hui Xu & Qin Guo & Chaoketu Siqin & Yingjie Li & Fei Gao, 2023. "Study of Settlement Patterns in Farming–Pastoral Zones in Eastern Inner Mongolia Using Planar Quantization and Cluster Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-23, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:20:p:15077-:d:1263499
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/20/15077/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/20/15077/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhengxu Zhou & Ziyu Jia & Nian Wang & Ming Fang, 2018. "Sustainable Mountain Village Construction Adapted to Livelihood, Topography, and Hydrology: A Case of Dong Villages in Southeast Guizhou, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-24, December.
    2. Zhang, MunkhDalai A. & Borjigin, Elles & Zhang, Huiping, 2007. "Mongolian nomadic culture and ecological culture: On the ecological reconstruction in the agro-pastoral mosaic zone in Northern China," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(1), pages 19-26, April.
    3. Zang, Yuzhu & Liu, Yansui & Yang, Yuanyuan & Woods, Michael & Fois, Francesca, 2020. "Rural decline or restructuring? Implications for sustainability transitions in rural China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    4. Zhen Liu, 2022. "Rural Population Decline, Cultivated Land Expansion, and the Role of Land Transfers in the Farming-Pastoral Ecotone: A Case Study of Taibus, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-17, February.
    5. Tingting Zhang & Dan He & Tian Kuang & Ke Chen, 2022. "Effect of Rural Human Settlement Environment around Nature Reserves on Farmers’ Well-Being: A Field Survey Based on 1002 Farmer Households around Six Nature Reserves in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-18, May.
    6. Kazemi, Fatemeh & Hosseinpour, Nazanin, 2022. "GIS-based land-use suitability analysis for urban agriculture development based on pollution distributions," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiuling Ding & Qian Lu & Lipeng Li & Apurbo Sarkar & Hua Li, 2023. "Does Labor Transfer Improve Farmers’ Willingness to Withdraw from Farming?—A Bivariate Probit Modeling Approach," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-27, August.
    2. Chi, Yuan & Liu, Dahai & Wang, Jing & Wang, Enkang, 2020. "Human negative, positive, and net influences on an estuarine area with intensive human activity based on land covers and ecological indices: An empirical study in Chongming Island, China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    3. Ying Lu & Walter Timo de Vries, 2023. "Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Rural Development in China over the Past 40 Years," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, May.
    4. Jiang, Lu & Xue, Bing & Xing, Ran & Chen, Xingpeng & Song, Lan & Wang, Yutao & Coffman, D’Maris & Mi, Zhifu, 2020. "Rural household energy consumption of farmers and herders in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    5. Viccaro, Mauro & Romano, Severino & Prete, Carmelina & Cozzi, Mario, 2021. "Rural planning? An integrated dynamic model for assessing quality of life at a local scale," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    6. Guang Han & Ping Zhai & Liqun Zhu & Kongqing Li, 2023. "Economic Incentives, Reputation Incentives, and Rural Residents’ Participation in Household Waste Classification: Evidence from Jiangsu, China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-15, October.
    7. Qian, Qian & Wang, Junbang & Zhang, Xiujuan & Wang, Shaoqiang & Li, Yingnian & Wang, Qinxue & Watson, Alan E. & Zhao, Xinquan, 2022. "Improving herders’ income through alpine grassland husbandry on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    8. Xinwen Lin & Angathevar Baskaran & Yajie Zhang, 2023. "Watershed Horizontal Ecological Compensation Policy and Green Ecological City Development: Spatial and Mechanism Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-21, February.
    9. Tan, Kun & Zhao, Xiaoqing & Pu, Junwei & Li, Sinan & Li, Yuhao & Miao, Peipei & Wang, Qian, 2021. "Zoning regulation and development model for water and land resources in the Karst Mountainous Region of Southwest China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    10. Yongfu Li & Bochuan Zhao & An Huang & Binyu Xiong & Canfeng Song, 2021. "Characteristics and Driving Forces of Non-Grain Production of Cultivated Land from the Perspective of Food Security," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-18, December.
    11. Troy Sternberg, 2014. "Transboundary hazard risk: the Gobi desert paradigm," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 72(2), pages 533-548, June.
    12. Yang Liu & Jiajun Qiao & Jie Xiao & Dong Han & Tao Pan, 2022. "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Rural Revitalization and an Improvement Path: A Typical Old Revolutionary Cultural Area as an Example," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-24, October.
    13. Bliss, Sam & Egler, Megan, 2020. "Ecological Economics Beyond Markets," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    14. Yintai Na & Jinxia Li & Buho Hoshino & Saixialt Bao & Fuying Qin & Purevtseren Myagmartseren, 2018. "Effects of Different Grazing Systems on Aboveground Biomass and Plant Species Dominance in Typical Chinese and Mongolian Steppes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, December.
    15. Rosyi Damayanti T. Manningtyas & Katsunori Furuya, 2022. "Traditional Ecological Knowledge versus Ecological Wisdom: Are They Dissimilar in Cultural Landscape Research?," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-16, July.
    16. Yang, Qi & Zhang, Daojun, 2021. "The influence of agricultural industrial policy on non-grain production of cultivated land: A case study of the “one village, one product” strategy implemented in Guanzhong Plain of China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    17. Lena Huldén & Ross McKitrick & Larry Huldén, 2014. "Average household size and the eradication of malaria," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 177(3), pages 725-742, June.
    18. Yihu Zhou & Tingting Fang, 2023. "How Migration Behavior Affects the Contracted Land Disposal Methods of Rural Migrants in China: An Analysis Based on the Perspective of Geographical Differences," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-19, May.
    19. Diandian Hao & Ziyi Yan & Yanan Wang & Bowen Wang, 2022. "Effect of Village Informal Institutions and Cadre-Mass Relationship for Farmers’ Participation in Rural Residential Environment Governance in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-16, December.
    20. Liyuan Zhao & Xingping Wang, 2021. "Rural Housing Vacancy in Metropolitan Suburbs and Its Influencing Factors: A Case Study of Nanjing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-20, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:20:p:15077-:d:1263499. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.