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Building a Sustainable Future from Theory to Practice: A Comprehensive PRISMA-Guided Assessment of Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks (CSEB) for Construction Applications

Author

Listed:
  • Aditya Raj

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India)

  • Tarun Sharma

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India)

  • Sandeep Singh

    (Department of Civil Engineering, University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India)

  • Umesh Sharma

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh 160012, India)

  • Prashant Sharma

    (Department of Civil Engineering, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India)

  • Rajesh Singh

    (Department of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal Institute of Technology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
    Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche C.P. 24560, Mexico)

  • Shubham Sharma

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, University Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
    School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China)

  • Jatinder Kaur

    (Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College Jhanjeri, Mohali 140307, India)

  • Harshpreet Kaur

    (Lovely School of Architecture, Planning and Design, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India)

  • Bashir Salah

    (Industrial Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Syed Sajid Ullah

    (Department of Information and Communication Technology, University of Agder (UiA), N-4898 Grimstad, Norway)

  • Soliman Alkhatib

    (Engineering Mathematics and Physics Department, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt)

Abstract

Compressed stabilized earth blocks (CSEBs) offer a cheaper and environmentally sustainable alternative to traditional building materials for construction. In addition to addressing waste disposal difficulties, the inclusion of waste additives may improve the characteristics of compressed earth blocks (CEBs). This article attempts to outline the findings of researchers who have utilized the various manufacturing processes and investigated the influence of binders and fibers on the properties of CEBs. A systematic search of Web of Science and Scopus electronic databases for works on soil blocks published between 2012 and 2022 yielded 445 articles, while reports, case studies, conference papers, and non-English articles were omitted. Keywords such as “Soil blocks”, “Earth bricks”, and others were used to identify eligible studies. This study has been segmented into five sections, including a descriptive examination of articles and authors who have investigated soil blocks, a comparative analysis based on their manufacturing processes, and physical, mechanical, and durability aspects of the CSEBs, which were analyzed to determine the impact of additives. The PRISMA 2020 standards were followed in the evaluation of each record, which resulted in the identification of 61 articles that were pertinent to the study’s objective. The comparative analysis of the articles reveals that the binders were more significant in improving the compressive strength, cyclic wetting-drying and erosion (durability) aspects of the soil blocks, while fibers were effective in enhancing their flexural and thermal performance. The literature review indicates that if the minimum permissible limits are met, waste materials have the potential to partially replace the soil. In addition, this study suggests establishing standardized manufacturing norms and testing protocols to ascertain the quality and safety of CSEBs used in construction. However, this study is constrained by the limited databases used, governed by keywords, electronic resources and timeframe that could be used as research avenues in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Aditya Raj & Tarun Sharma & Sandeep Singh & Umesh Sharma & Prashant Sharma & Rajesh Singh & Shubham Sharma & Jatinder Kaur & Harshpreet Kaur & Bashir Salah & Syed Sajid Ullah & Soliman Alkhatib, 2023. "Building a Sustainable Future from Theory to Practice: A Comprehensive PRISMA-Guided Assessment of Compressed Stabilized Earth Blocks (CSEB) for Construction Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-35, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:12:p:9374-:d:1167986
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Elisabete R. Teixeira & Gilberto Machado & Adilson de P. Junior & Christiane Guarnier & Jorge Fernandes & Sandra M. Silva & Ricardo Mateus, 2020. "Mechanical and Thermal Performance Characterisation of Compressed Earth Blocks," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, June.
    2. Fouad Belayali & Walid Maherzi & Mahfoud Benzerzour & Nor-Edine Abriak & Ahmed Senouci, 2022. "Compressed Earth Blocks Using Sediments and Alkali-Activated Byproducts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-14, March.
    3. Hui Wang & Xun Zhang & Shengchuan Jiang, 2022. "A Laboratory and Field Universal Estimation Method for Tire–Pavement Interaction Noise (TPIN) Based on 3D Image Technology," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-21, September.
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    5. Sihem Larbi & Abdelkrim Khaldi & Walid Maherzi & Nor-Edine Abriak, 2021. "Formulation of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized by Glass Waste Activated with NaOH Solution," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.
    6. Magdi El-Emam & Adil Al-Tamimi, 2022. "Strength and Deformation Characteristics of Dune Sand Earth Blocks Reinforced with Natural and Polymeric Fibers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-24, April.
    7. Mangala Yatawara & Sachini Athukorala, 2021. "Potential of replacing clay soil by rice husk ash (RHA) in enhancing the properties of compressed earth blocks (CEBs)," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 3474-3486, March.
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