IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i9p5489-d807845.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Status of Pesticide Usage on Golf Courses in Korea and Optimal Pesticide Usage Plan

Author

Listed:
  • Hong-gil Lee

    (Soil and Groundwater Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Min-Suk Kim

    (Soil and Groundwater Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Jee young Kim

    (Soil and Groundwater Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Hyun-Koo Kim

    (Soil and Groundwater Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

  • Hyeong-Wook Jo

    (Hansalim Agro-Food Analysis Center, Hankyong National University Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation, Suwon 16500, Korea)

  • Joon-Kwan Moon

    (The School of Applied Science in Natural Resources and Environment, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea)

  • Ji-In Kim

    (Soil and Groundwater Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea)

Abstract

Risks to human health and the environment owing to pesticide usage have arisen interest, increasing the demand for reducing pesticide consumption used on golf courses. However, standard guidelines or manuals for reducing pesticide usage on golf courses in Korea are lacking. Herein, the trends of pesticides on golf courses were investigated, and the optimal pesticide usage plan was proposed for continuous pesticide reduction. In 2019, there were 539 golf courses in Korea. With the increasing number of golf courses in 2010–2019, pesticide usage increased continuously. Fungicides accounted for more than half the pesticides used, followed by insecticides and herbicides. Except for golf courses that do not employ chemical pesticides, pesticide usage per unit area varied in the range of 0.02–65.81 kg ha −1 (average of 6.97 kg ha −1 ). In the US, best management practices and integrated pest management (IPM) have been stipulated and are operational in each state for pesticide management in golf courses, recognizing chemical pesticide usage to be the last approach for pest control and turf health maintenance. Considering that Korea globally ranks 10th in the number of golf facilities and courses, the establishment of IPM practices suitable for domestic conditions is essential.

Suggested Citation

  • Hong-gil Lee & Min-Suk Kim & Jee young Kim & Hyun-Koo Kim & Hyeong-Wook Jo & Joon-Kwan Moon & Ji-In Kim, 2022. "Status of Pesticide Usage on Golf Courses in Korea and Optimal Pesticide Usage Plan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5489-:d:807845
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/9/5489/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/9/5489/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ron Martin & Peter Sunley, 2011. "Conceptualizing Cluster Evolution: Beyond the Life Cycle Model?," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(10), pages 1299-1318, November.
    2. Zhang, Wei & Swinton, Scott M., 2009. "Incorporating natural enemies in an economic threshold for dynamically optimal pest management," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(9), pages 1315-1324.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Li Zhao & Changwei Wang & Haiying Gu & Chengyan Yue, 2023. "Do Chinese Farmers Misuse Pesticide Intentionally or Not?," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-16, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. de Oliveira, A.C.S. & Martins, S.G.F. & Zacarias, M.S., 2013. "An individual-based model for the interaction of the mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) with its predator Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954) (Acari: Tetranychidae, Phytoseiidae)," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 255(C), pages 11-20.
    2. Roger Hayter & Klaus Edenhoffer, 2016. "Evolutionary Geography of a Mature Resource Sector: Shakeouts and Shakeins in British Columbia's Forest Industries 1980 to 2008," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(4), pages 497-519, December.
    3. Matthias Firgo & Peter Mayerhofer, 2015. "Wissens-Spillovers und regionale Entwicklung - welche strukturpolitische Ausrichtung optimiert des Wachstum?," Working Paper Reihe der AK Wien - Materialien zu Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft 144, Kammer für Arbeiter und Angestellte für Wien, Abteilung Wirtschaftswissenschaft und Statistik.
    4. Małgorzata Dziembała, 2021. "The Enhancement of Sustainable Competitiveness of the CEE Regions at the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic Instability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-17, November.
    5. Joao Carlos Lopes & Amélia Branco, 2013. "The Clustering of Cork Firms in Santa Maria da Feira: Why History Matters," International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, International Journal of Finance, Insurance and Risk Management, vol. 3(1), pages 354-354.
    6. Lesley Welman & Sanette LA Ferreira, 2016. "The co-evolution of Saldanha Bay (town and hinterland) and its Port," Local Economy, London South Bank University, vol. 31(1-2), pages 219-233, February.
    7. Gonzalez, Darinka & Cabral, João Alexandre & Torres, Laura & Santos, Mário, 2015. "A cohort-based modelling approach for managing olive moth Prays oleae (Bernard, 1788) populations in olive orchards," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 296(C), pages 46-56.
    8. Alexander Auer & Franz Tödtling, 2014. "Driving factors and spatial scales for cluster development - The case of environmental technologies in Upper Austria," SRE-Disc sre-disc-2014_08, Institute for Multilevel Governance and Development, Department of Socioeconomics, Vienna University of Economics and Business.
    9. Michaela Trippl & Markus Grillitsch & Arne Isaksen & Tanja Sinozic, 2015. "Perspectives on Cluster Evolution: Critical Review and Future Research Issues," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(10), pages 2028-2044, October.
    10. Martin, Ron & Sunley, Peter, 2012. "Forms of emergence and the evolution of economic landscapes," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 82(2), pages 338-351.
    11. Bressanelli, Gianmarco & Visintin, Filippo & Saccani, Nicola, 2022. "Circular Economy and the evolution of industrial districts: a supply chain perspective," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).
    12. Daniel A. Skog, 2016. "Local game, global rules: exploring technological heterogeneity exploitation in digital creative cluster evolution," Industry and Innovation, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(6), pages 531-550, August.
    13. Amélia Branco & João Carlos Lopes, 2013. "Vantagens da concentração geográfica da produção: o caso da indústria corticeira de Santa Maria da Feira," Working Papers Department of Economics 2013/04, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, Department of Economics, Universidade de Lisboa.
    14. Liu, Yangxuan & Small, Ian & Langemeier, Michael & Gramig, Benjamin & Preckel, Paul & Joseph, Laura & Wu, Yuanhan & Fry, William, 2016. "Evaluating economic threshold for dynamically optimal disease management," 2016 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Boston, Massachusetts 236018, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    15. Ron Boschma & Riccardo Cappelli & Anet Weterings, 2017. "Labour mobility, skill-relatedness and plant survival over the industry life cycle: Evidence from new Dutch plants," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 1731, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Dec 2017.
    16. Salvador Vivas-López & Francisco Puig & Victor Oltra & Miguel González-Loureiro, 2016. "Globalized Markets and Startup Dynamics in Mature Manufacturing Industries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 7(4), pages 947-962, December.
    17. Ron Boschma, 2015. "Do spinoff dynamics or agglomeration externalities drive industry clustering? A reappraisal of Steven Klepper’s work," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 24(4), pages 859-873.
    18. Margarida Madaleno & Max Nathan & Henry Overman & Sevrin Waights, 2018. "Incubators, accelerators and regional economic development," CEP Discussion Papers dp1575, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    19. Martine Gadille & Juan Ramón Gallego-Bono, 2021. "Rebuilding a Cluster While Protecting Knowledge within Low-Medium-Tech Supplier SMEs: A Spanish and French Comparison," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-35, October.
    20. Yun, Seong Do & Gramig, Benjamin M., 2014. "Dynamic Optimization of Ecosystem Services: A Comparative Analysis of Non-Spatial and Spatially-Explicit Models," 2014 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2014, Minneapolis, Minnesota 170450, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5489-:d:807845. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.