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Assessment of Emissions and Energy Consumption for Construction Machinery in Earthwork Activities by Incorporating Real-World Measurement and Discrete-Event Simulation

Author

Listed:
  • Beichuan Hong

    (Department of Machine Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Lin Lü

    (School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China)

Abstract

Earthwork, an essential activity in most construction projects, consumes large quantities of fossil fuel and produces substantial air pollution with adverse environmental impacts. To achieve more sustainable construction processes, novel methodologies to evaluate and improve the performance of earthwork operations are required. This study quantifies the real-world emissions and fuel consumption of construction equipment within an earthwork project in China. Two wheel loaders and two dump trucks are examined through on-board measurements and in-lab engine tests. The duty cycles of construction equipment are categorized with respect to their power efficiency and working patterns. Moreover, the power-specific and time-based emission factors for these duty cycles are computed and compared with relevant legislative emission limits. Significant emission variations among different duty cycles were found, and the real-world emission measurements exceeded the results from the in-lab test required for emission certification. In addition, a discrete-event simulation (DES) framework was developed, validated, and integrated with the computed emission factors to analyze the environmental and energy impacts of the earthwork project. Furthermore, the equipment fleet schedule was optimized in the DES framework to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption by 8.1% and 6.6%, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Beichuan Hong & Lin Lü, 2022. "Assessment of Emissions and Energy Consumption for Construction Machinery in Earthwork Activities by Incorporating Real-World Measurement and Discrete-Event Simulation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5326-:d:804498
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Daniele Beltrami & Paolo Iora & Laura Tribioli & Stefano Uberti, 2021. "Electrification of Compact Off-Highway Vehicles—Overview of the Current State of the Art and Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-30, September.
    2. Boda Liu & Bin Yang & Jianzhuang Xiao & Dayu Zhu & Binghan Zhang & Zhichen Wang & Miaosi Dong, 2021. "Review of Optimization Dynamically Applied in the Construction and the Application Potential of ICT," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-18, May.
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