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The Impact of Cement Kiln Dust and Cement on Cold Mix Asphalt Characteristics at Different Climate

Author

Listed:
  • Talaat Abdel-Wahed

    (Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt)

  • Anmar Dulaimi

    (College of Engineering, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala 56001, Iraq
    College of Engineering, University of Kerbala, Karbala 56001, Iraq
    Department of Civil Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK)

  • Hayder Kamil Shanbara

    (Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Muthanna University, Samawah 66001, Iraq)

  • Hassan Al Nageim

    (School of Civil Engineering & Built Environment, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK)

Abstract

Cold bitumen emulsion mixtures (CBEMs) are made up of the same materials that are used in hot mixes. However, asphalt emulsion and water are used in such mixes. To date, many countries are still not using these mixes as a structure layer. This can be attributed mainly to their low resistance to rainfall, long curing time and low early strength. The addition of cementitious filler to CBEMs as a clean paving material is a potential technique to achieve superior mechanical qualities. The aim of this research is to compare improved CBEMs that might be used as a wearing surface to hot mix asphalt (HMA). These improvements were carried out through the use of a combination of cement and limestone, or a combination of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and cement kiln dust (CKD). CBEMs were prepared according to Egyptian and British gradations using different percentages of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), CKD, and limestone. This may offer a new cold bitumen emulsion mixture to be used as a structural pavement layer in such countries. The main tests performed for the assessment of the mixes in this research are indirect tensile stiffness modulus, fatigue resistance, and resistance to rutting at different temperatures (20 °C, 45 °C, and 60 °C). The results show that adding OPC to CBEMs enhanced the results in terms of ITSM, rutting and fatigue resistance. However, significant improvements were made by binary filler made of CKD and OPC to the said mechanical properties in terms of both UK and Egyptian gradations. The ITSM values for both CBEM UK6 and CBEM Eg6 , which contain 80% OPC + 20% CKD, improved by around 8 and 9 times in comparison to CBEM UK1 and CBEM Eg1 , which contain 20% OPC + 80% L.S, respectively.

Suggested Citation

  • Talaat Abdel-Wahed & Anmar Dulaimi & Hayder Kamil Shanbara & Hassan Al Nageim, 2022. "The Impact of Cement Kiln Dust and Cement on Cold Mix Asphalt Characteristics at Different Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:7:p:4173-:d:784423
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shanbara, Hayder Kamil & Dulaimi, Anmar & Al-Mansoori, Tariq & Al-Busaltan, Shakir & Herez, Manar & Sadique, Monower & Abdel-Wahed, Talaat, 2021. "The future of eco-friendly cold mix asphalt," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Ali Y. Al-Bakri & Haitham M. Ahmed & Mohammed A. Hefni, 2022. "Cement Kiln Dust (CKD): Potential Beneficial Applications and Eco-Sustainable Solutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-22, June.
    2. Anmar Dulaimi & Shakir Al-Busaltan & Mustafa Amoori Kadhim & Ruqayah Al-Khafaji & Monower Sadique & Hassan Al Nageim & Raed Khalid Ibrahem & Jan Awrejcewicz & Witold Pawłowski & Jasim M. Mahdi, 2022. "A Sustainable Cold Mix Asphalt Mixture Comprising Paper Sludge Ash and Cement Kiln Dust," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Ashraf Abdel-Raheem & Anmar Dulaimi & Ahmed S. Mohamed & Ghada S. Moussa & Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç & Nuha Mashaan & Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya & Talaat Abdel-Wahed, 2023. "Investigating the Potential of High-Density Polyethylene and Nano Clay Asphalt-Modified Binders to Enhance the Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Mixture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Abdullahi Abdulrahman Muhudin & Mohammad Sharif Zami & Ismail Mohammad Budaiwi & Ahmed Abd El Fattah, 2024. "Experimental Study of Thermal Conductivity in Soil Stabilization for Sustainable Construction Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-24, January.
    5. Ali Y. Al-Bakri & Haitham M. Ahmed & Mohammed A. Hefni, 2023. "Eco-Sustainable Recycling of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) and Copper Tailings (CT) in the Cemented Paste Backfill," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-33, February.

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