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Potential of NTFP Based Bioeconomy in Livelihood Security and Income Inequality Mitigation in Kashmir Himalayas

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  • Ishtiyak Ahmad Peerzada

    (Faculty of Forestry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar 191201, India
    Commission on Ecosystem Management (CEM), International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 1196 Gland, Switzerland)

  • Mohammad A. Islam

    (Faculty of Forestry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar 191201, India)

  • James Chamberlain

    (Forest Service, Southern Research Station (USDA), Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA)

  • Shalini Dhyani

    (Commission on Ecosystem Management (CEM), International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), 1196 Gland, Switzerland
    Critical Zone Research Group, CSIR National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur 440020, India)

  • Mohan Reddy

    (Nurture Agtech Private Limited, Bellandur, Bangaluru 560103, India)

  • Somidh Saha

    (Research Group Sylvanus, Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis (ITAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany
    Institute of Forest Sciences, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany)

Abstract

The contribution of non timber forest products (NTFPs) has been acknowledged globally for their role in conservation, income generation, livelihood improvement and rural development. The potential of a NTFP-based bioeconomy has given a new dimension to the forest sector, and NTFPs are now considered favourably by the resource rich developing economies. The actual contribution of NTFPs has never been adequately estimated due to lack of sufficient baseline information on extraction, consumption patterns and traded quantities in Kashmir, India. Complicated management frameworks and fragmented value chains have eclipsed their diverse social life cycle in Kashmir. Therefore the present study investigates the bioeconomic transformation, livelihood contribution, income inequality mitigation and determinant socioeconomic factors of NTFP extraction in the Kashmir Himalayas. A multistage random sampling technique was employed to collect data through participatory household-based surveys from different villages. Data were collected through structured in-depth interviews, non-participant observation and focussed group discussions. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used for data analysis. The Lorenz curve and Gini index were used to evaluate the influence of household NTFP incomes on income inequality mitigation, and econometric models were developed to identify key factors that influence the level of household income from NTFPs to determine their potential for supporting livelihood security and bioeconomy in the region.

Suggested Citation

  • Ishtiyak Ahmad Peerzada & Mohammad A. Islam & James Chamberlain & Shalini Dhyani & Mohan Reddy & Somidh Saha, 2022. "Potential of NTFP Based Bioeconomy in Livelihood Security and Income Inequality Mitigation in Kashmir Himalayas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-20, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:2281-:d:751580
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ishtiyak Ahmad Peerzada & James Chamberlain & Mohan Reddy & Shalini Dhyani & Somidh Saha, 2021. "Policy and Governance Implications for Transition to NTFP-Based Bioeconomy in Kashmir Himalayas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-23, October.
    2. Shackleton, Charlie M. & Pandey, Ashok K., 2014. "Positioning non-timber forest products on the development agenda," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 1-7.
    3. Arnold, J. E. Michael & Perez, M. Ruiz, 2001. "Can non-timber forest products match tropical forest conservation and development objectives?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 39(3), pages 437-447, December.
    4. Muluken Elias Adamseged & Philipp Grundmann, 2020. "Understanding Business Environments and Success Factors for Emerging Bioeconomy Enterprises through a Comprehensive Analytical Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, October.
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