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“Why Do We Buy Green Products?” An Extended Theory of the Planned Behavior Model for Green Product Purchase Behavior

Author

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  • Piyanoot Kamalanon

    (College of Management, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan)

  • Ja-Shen Chen

    (College of Management, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 32003, Taiwan)

  • Tran-Thien-Y Le

    (College of Economics, Can Tho University, Can Tho City 900000, Vietnam)

Abstract

Many consumers are concerned about environmental issues and have expressed interest in purchasing green products. However, actual sales of green products are still not as high as expected. Therefore, marketers of green products may need to investigate the factors driving green purchase behaviors. In this study, we proposed an extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) model that links consumers’ environmental concerns, perceived image of the company, consumer innovativeness, and environmental knowledge with green product purchase behavior. We applied a quantitative approach to collect the data via online questionnaires through Amazon MTurk. With 974 useable samples, the data were analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM) using Smart PLS. The results showed that green purchase intention positively and significantly affects green purchase behavior. Moreover, the multigroup analysis revealed that the direct influence of green purchase intention on green purchase behavior is higher in developing countries than in developed countries. Regarding the direct effect on green purchase intention, attitude toward green products, perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE), environmental concern, and company’s perceived green image are significant antecedents of the intention to purchase, with attitude toward green products being the most robust antecedent among the three. However, subjective norms do not act as a direct antecedent of purchase intention. For the indirect effect on green purchase intention, four main antecedents (attitude toward green products, subjective norms, PCE, and environmental concerns) indirectly impact purchase intention via the mediating role of the perceived green image of the company. This study contributes to existing literatures via extending the TPB model. Regarding attitude-intention-behavior model, we found that environmental concern complements the model as an antecedent of green purchase intention. Moreover, a company’s perceived green image mediates the relationship between four antecedents and green purchase intention. Therefore, marketers of green products may also enhance future purchases by promoting the green image of the company. Particularly, we found that environmental knowledge positively moderates the relationship between environmental concern and a company’s perceived green image. We added on the empirical evidence that PCE plays a crucial role in stimulating green purchases as its direct positive influence on green purchase behavior is larger than that of green purchase intention. Moreover, consumer innovativeness positively moderates the relationship between PCE and green purchase intention.

Suggested Citation

  • Piyanoot Kamalanon & Ja-Shen Chen & Tran-Thien-Y Le, 2022. "“Why Do We Buy Green Products?” An Extended Theory of the Planned Behavior Model for Green Product Purchase Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-28, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:2:p:689-:d:720654
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Elsy Lediana & Tomy Perdana & Yosini Deliana & Tuhpawana P. Sendjaja, 2023. "Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention of Youth for Agriculture Start-Up: An Integrated Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    2. Andreea Barbu & Ștefan-Alexandru Catană & Dana Corina Deselnicu & Lucian-Ionel Cioca & Alexandra Ioanid, 2022. "Factors Influencing Consumer Behavior toward Green Products: A Systematic Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Moazzam Moazzam & Muhammad Ahmad & Abid Hussain & Muhammad Azeem Akram, 2023. "Examining the Factors That Shape Green Purchase Behavior: The Role of Subjective Norms, Self-Efficacy, Attitude and Intention," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(3), pages 221-232.
    4. Shih-Wei Wu & Pei-Yun Chiang, 2023. "Exploring the Mediating Effects of the Theory of Planned Behavior on the Relationships between Environmental Awareness, Green Advocacy, and Green Self-Efficacy on the Green Word-of-Mouth Intention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-27, August.
    5. Vibhava Srivastava & Amit Kumar Gupta, 2023. "Price sensitivity, government green interventions, and green product availability triggers intention toward buying green products," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(1), pages 802-819, January.
    6. Mir Salahuddin & Young-A Lee, 2022. "Are Laundry Balls a Sustainable Washing Option for Consumers? Investigating the Effect of Laundry Balls on Microfiber Pollution through the Lens of Cradle-to-Cradle Design Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-10, November.
    7. Patcharaporn Mahasuweerachai & Chompoonut Suttikun, 2022. "The Effect of Green Self-Identity on Perceived Image, Warm Glow and Willingness to Purchase: A New Generation’s Perspective towards Eco-Friendly Restaurants," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-13, August.
    8. Yingxiu Hong & Abdullah Al Mamun & Mohammad Masukujjaman & Qing Yang, 2024. "Sustainable consumption practices among Chinese youth," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-17, December.
    9. Hasnizam Shaari & Nurul Amanina Abdul Basir, 2024. "Integrating Environmental Involvement and Media Exposure on the Theory of Planned Behavior in Explaining Green Purchase Behavior," International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation (IJRSI), vol. 11(5), pages 369-378, May.
    10. Muhammad Munir & Moazzam, 2023. "Investigating The Mediating Effect Of Green Product Literacy On The Relationship Between Technology Innovativeness And Green Product Purchase Attitude," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 12(2), pages 417-426.
    11. Sun, Ying & Leng, Ke & Xiong, Haitao, 2022. "Research on the influencing factors of consumers’ green purchase behavior in the post-pandemic era," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).

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