IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i24p17021-d1007886.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Municipal Wastewater Effects on the Performance of Nutrient Removal, and Lipid, Carbohydrate, and Protein Productivity of Blue-Green Algae Chroococcus turgidus

Author

Listed:
  • Goknur Sisman-Aydin

    (Department of Sea and Freshwater Science & Technology, Ege University Faculty of Fisheries, Izmir 35100, Türkiye)

  • Kemal Simsek

    (Department of Sea and Freshwater Science & Technology, Ege University Faculty of Fisheries, Izmir 35100, Türkiye)

Abstract

The use of microalgae in wastewater treatment (WWT) is seen as a promising and sustainable alternative to conventional WWTs, and the obtained biomass is gaining importance as a bio-product. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using municipal wastewater (MWW) as a nutritional supplement for the cultivation of the cyanobacteria Chroococcus turgidus (Kützing) Nägeli 1849 and the pollutant removal potential of the microalgae. The WW received from the different treatment stages (primary, secondary, and final effluent) was applied to the microalgae culture, and algal growth was compared with regard to growth rate, nutrient removal efficiency, and final algal lipid (%) and protein (%) content. In 7-day batch experiments, except for BOD 5 analysis, COD, PO 4 -P, and N forms analyses were carried out daily in parallel with in vivo Chl-a and Chl-b, DO, pH, temperature, and conductivity measurements. The growth rates and Chl-a quotas of the microalgae grown in trials were different, and the highest growth rate was with a 1.03 ± 0.06 d −1 in the primary effluent (PE). The highest Chl-a and Chl-b quotas among WW trials of microalgae were obtained from the PE trial as 252.4 ± 2 µg L −1 and 112 ± 18 µgL −1 , respectively. NH 4 -N, NO 3 -N, NO 2 -N, PO 4 -P, BOD 5 , and COD treatment efficiencies were in the ranges of (74.6–83%), (16–71.2%), (22.2–63.6%), (89–95.3%), (50–76.2%), and (70.3–78.6%), respectively. The microalgae were observed to accumulate the highest lipid (28.05 ± 2.26%DW) content in secondary effluent (SE), the highest carbohydrate (43.93 ± 1.02%DW) content in the effluent (E), and the highest protein content (35.25 ± 1.22%DW) in the PE. The results of this study suggested that C. turgidus is a new candidate for bioremediate pollution load of MWW, and its biomass has the potential to offer options in bio-product applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Goknur Sisman-Aydin & Kemal Simsek, 2022. "Municipal Wastewater Effects on the Performance of Nutrient Removal, and Lipid, Carbohydrate, and Protein Productivity of Blue-Green Algae Chroococcus turgidus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:24:p:17021-:d:1007886
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/24/17021/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/24/17021/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Zhou, Wenguang & Li, Yecong & Min, Min & Hu, Bing & Zhang, Hong & Ma, Xiaochen & Li, Liang & Cheng, Yanling & Chen, Paul & Ruan, Roger, 2012. "Growing wastewater-born microalga Auxenochlorella protothecoides UMN280 on concentrated municipal wastewater for simultaneous nutrient removal and energy feedstock production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 433-440.
    2. Goknur Sisman-Aydin & Kemal Simsek, 2022. "Investigation of the Phycoremediation Potential of Freshwater Green Algae Golenkinia radiata for Municipal Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-18, November.
    3. Swati Rani & Raja Chowdhury & Wendong Tao & Linda Nedbalová, 2021. "Microalga-Mediated Tertiary Treatment of Municipal Wastewater: Removal of Nutrients and Pathogens," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-24, August.
    4. Qadir, M. & Drechsel, Pay & Cisneros, B. J. & Kim, Y. & Pramanik, A. & Mehta, P. & Olaniyan, O., 2020. "Global and regional potential of wastewater as a water, nutrient and energy source," Papers published in Journals (Open Access), International Water Management Institute, pages 44(1):40-51.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sibi G, 2018. "Bioenergy Production from Wastes by Microalgae as Sustainable Approach for Waste Management and to Reduce Resources Depletion," International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 13(3), pages 77-80, July.
    2. Vasileios A. Tzanakakis & Andrea G. Capodaglio & Andreas N. Angelakis, 2023. "Insights into Global Water Reuse Opportunities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-30, August.
    3. Saumya Verma & Raja Chowdhury & Sarat K. Das & Matthew J. Franchetti & Gang Liu, 2021. "Sunlight Intensity, Photosynthetically Active Radiation Modelling and Its Application in Algae-Based Wastewater Treatment and Its Cost Estimation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-28, October.
    4. Drechsel, Pay & Qadir, M. & Galibourg, D., 2022. "The WHO guidelines for safe wastewater use in agriculture: a review of implementation challenges and possible solutions in the global south," Papers published in Journals (Open Access), International Water Management Institute, pages 1-14(6):864.
    5. Raja Chowdhury & Nidia Caetano & Matthew J. Franchetti & Kotnoor Hariprasad, 2023. "Life Cycle Based GHG Emissions from Algae Based Bioenergy with a Special Emphasis on Climate Change Indicators and Their Uses in Dynamic LCA: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-19, January.
    6. Zhou, Wenguang & Chen, Paul & Min, Min & Ma, Xiaochen & Wang, Jinghan & Griffith, Richard & Hussain, Fida & Peng, Pu & Xie, Qinglong & Li, Yun & Shi, Jian & Meng, Jianzong & Ruan, Roger, 2014. "Environment-enhancing algal biofuel production using wastewaters," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 256-269.
    7. Ascioti, Fortunato A. & Mangano, Maria Cristina & Marcianò, Claudio & Sarà, Gianluca, 2022. "The sanitation service of seagrasses – Dependencies and implications for the estimation of avoided costs," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    8. Jalil, Hawzhin M. & Rezapour, Salar & Nouri, Amin & Joshi, Navneet, 2022. "Assessing the ecological and health implications of soil heavy metals in vegetable irrigated with wastewater in calcareous environments," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    9. Chloé Grison & Stef Koop & Steven Eisenreich & Jan Hofman & I-Shin Chang & Jing Wu & Dragan Savic & Kees Leeuwen, 2023. "Integrated Water Resources Management in Cities in the World: Global Challenges," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 37(6), pages 2787-2803, May.
    10. Nikolaos Tzanakis & Andriana F. Aravantinou & Ioannis D. Manariotis, 2023. "Short-Term Toxicity of ZnO Nanoparticles on Microalgae at Different Initial Nutrient Concentrations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-14, May.
    11. Anna Grobelak & Klaudia Całus-Makowska & Anna Jasińska & Marek Klimasz & Aleksandra Wypart-Pawul & Dominika Augustajtys & Estera Baor & Daria Sławczyk & Aneta Kowalska, 2024. "Environmental Impacts and Contaminants Management in Sewage Sludge-to-Energy and Fertilizer Technologies: Current Trends and Future Directions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-28, October.
    12. Hassan S. Alqahtani, 2024. "Lower-Carbon Hydrogen Production from Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-22, October.
    13. Sylwia Myszograj & Dariusz Bocheński & Mirosław Mąkowski & Ewelina Płuciennik-Koropczuk, 2021. "Biogas, Solar and Geothermal Energy—The Way to a Net-Zero Energy Wastewater Treatment Plant—A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-15, October.
    14. Xu, Xianzhen & Gu, Xiaoguang & Wang, Zhongyang & Shatner, William & Wang, Zhenjun, 2019. "Progress, challenges and solutions of research on photosynthetic carbon sequestration efficiency of microalgae," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 65-82.
    15. Vicent Hernández-Chover & Águeda Bellver-Domingo & Lledó Castellet-Viciano & Francesc Hernández-Sancho, 2024. "AI Applied to the Circular Economy: An Approach in the Wastewater Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-18, February.
    16. Cheah, Wai Yan & Ling, Tau Chuan & Show, Pau Loke & Juan, Joon Ching & Chang, Jo-Shu & Lee, Duu-Jong, 2016. "Cultivation in wastewaters for energy: A microalgae platform," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 609-625.
    17. Konstantina Fotia & George Nanos & Pantelis Barouchas & Markos Giannelos & Aikaterini Linardi & Aikaterini Vallianatou & Paraskevi Mpeza & Ioannis Tsirogiannis, 2022. "Growth Development, Physiological Status and Water Footprint Assessment of Nursery Young Olive Trees ( Olea europaea L. ‘Konservolea’) Irrigated with Urban Treated Wastewater," Resources, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, April.
    18. Zhou, Junhui & Yu, Senshen & Kang, Helong & He, Rui & Ning, Yuxin & Yu, Yingyue & Wang, Meng & Chen, Biqiang, 2020. "Construction of multi-enzyme cascade biomimetic carbon sequestration system based on photocatalytic coenzyme NADH regeneration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 107-116.
    19. Tripathi, Ritu & Gupta, Asmita & Thakur, Indu Shekhar, 2019. "An integrated approach for phycoremediation of wastewater and sustainable biodiesel production by green microalgae, Scenedesmus sp. ISTGA1," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 617-625.
    20. Wirginia Tomczak & Marek Gryta, 2022. "Energy-Efficient AnMBRs Technology for Treatment of Wastewaters: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-40, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:24:p:17021-:d:1007886. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.