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A Novel Multi-Objective Energy Management Strategy for Fuel Cell Buses Quantifying Fuel Cell Degradation as Operating Cost

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  • Menglin Li

    (School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
    Hebei Key Laboratory of Special Delivery Equipment, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Haoran Liu

    (School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Mei Yan

    (School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
    Hebei Key Laboratory of Special Delivery Equipment, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Hongyang Xu

    (School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China)

  • Hongwen He

    (National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)

Abstract

Fluctuation in a fuel cell’s output power affects its service life. This paper aims to explore the relationship between power output fluctuation and energy consumption and the cost of the fuel cell system. Hence, based on the actual driving information of vehicles, a novel multi-objective energy management strategy (EMS) for fuel cell buses (FCBs) that quantifies fuel cell life as operating cost is proposed. The actual driving data of FCBs on bus line 727 in Zhengzhou, China, were collected. Based on this, considering the degradation factors of the fuel cell and power battery hybrid energy system, a multi-objective cost framework was established to quantify the life degradation as consumption cost. Furthermore, the influence of different power change limits on the performance of the EMS was analysed based on real-world driving data and the typical Chinese city bus driving cycle, respectively. The simulation results show that the degradation cost of the fuel cell can be effectively reduced when the power change limit is 1 kW, and the simulation results obtained using real-world driving data are very different from those obtained using typical city bus driving cycles. This study provides a reference for the application of a vehicle energy management strategy in real-world scenarios as well as highlights its significance.

Suggested Citation

  • Menglin Li & Haoran Liu & Mei Yan & Hongyang Xu & Hongwen He, 2022. "A Novel Multi-Objective Energy Management Strategy for Fuel Cell Buses Quantifying Fuel Cell Degradation as Operating Cost," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:23:p:16190-:d:993155
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Farhan Mumtaz & Nor Zaihar Yahaya & Sheikh Tanzim Meraj & Narinderjit Singh Sawaran Singh & Md. Siddikur Rahman & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu, 2023. "A High Voltage Gain Interleaved DC-DC Converter Integrated Fuel Cell for Power Quality Enhancement of Microgrid," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-21, April.

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