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Extensible Metaverse Implication for a Smart Tourism City

Author

Listed:
  • Pannee Suanpang

    (Faculty of Science & Technology, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand)

  • Chawalin Niamsorn

    (Faculty of Management Science, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand)

  • Pattanaphong Pothipassa

    (Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Sisaket Rajabhat University, Sisaket 33000, Thailand)

  • Thinnagorn Chunhapataragul

    (Faculty of Science & Technology, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand)

  • Titiya Netwong

    (Faculty of Science & Technology, Suan Dusit University, Bangkok 10300, Thailand)

  • Kittisak Jermsittiparsert

    (Faculty of Education, University of City Island, Famagusta 9945, Cyprus
    Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sinjai, Kabupaten Sinjai 92615, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
    Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, Kota Makassar 90221, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia
    Publication Research Institute and Community Service, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang, Sidenreng Rappang Regency 91651, South Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Abstract

The metaverse is an innovation that has created the recent phenomenon of new tourism experiences from a virtual reality of a smart tourism destination. However, the existing metaverse platform demonstrated that the technology is still difficult to develop, as the service provider did not disclose the internal mechanisms to developers, and it was a closed system, which could not use or share the user’s data across platforms. The aim of this paper was to design and develop an open metaverse platform called the “extensible metaverse”, which would allow new developers to independently develop the capabilities of the metaverse system. The acquisition of this new technology was conducted through requirements analysis, then the analysis and design of the new system architecture, followed by the implementation, and the evaluation of the system by the users. The results found that the extended metaverse was divided into three tiers that created labels, characters, and virtual objects. Furthermore, the linking tier combined the 3D elements, and the deployment tier compiled the results of the link to use all three parts by using the Blender program, Godot Engine, and PHP + WebGL as their respective key mechanisms. This system was tested in Suphan Buri province, Thailand, which was evaluated by 428 users. The results of the metaverse satisfaction, created tourism experience, and overall satisfaction of the variation of the satisfaction of using the metaverse were 86.0%, 79.7%, and 92.9%, respectively. The relative Chi-square (χ 2 /df) of 1.253 indicated that the model was suitable. The comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.984, the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) was 0.998, and the model based on the research hypothesis was consistent with the empirical data. The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.024. In conclusion, the extended metaverse is more flexible than other platforms and also creates the user’s satisfaction and tourism experience in the smart destination to support sustainable tourism.

Suggested Citation

  • Pannee Suanpang & Chawalin Niamsorn & Pattanaphong Pothipassa & Thinnagorn Chunhapataragul & Titiya Netwong & Kittisak Jermsittiparsert, 2022. "Extensible Metaverse Implication for a Smart Tourism City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:14027-:d:955786
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pamucar, Dragan & Deveci, Muhammet & Gokasar, Ilgin & Tavana, Madjid & Köppen, Mario, 2022. "A metaverse assessment model for sustainable transportation using ordinal priority approach and Aczel-Alsina norms," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    2. Inessa Tyan & Mariemma I. Yagüe & Antonio Guevara-Plaza, 2020. "Blockchain Technology for Smart Tourism Destinations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-11, November.
    3. Kittisak Jermsittiparsert & Thitinan Chankoson, 2019. "Behavior of Tourism Industry under the Situation of Environmental Threats and Carbon Emission: Time Series Analysis from Thailand," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(6), pages 366-372.
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    Cited by:

    1. Salvatore Monaco & Giovanna Sacchi, 2023. "Travelling the Metaverse: Potential Benefits and Main Challenges for Tourism Sectors and Research Applications," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-10, February.
    2. George Moise & Agatha Popescu & Iulian Alexandru Bratu & Ion Răducuță & Bogdan Gabriel Nistoreanu & Mirela Stanciu, 2023. "Can We Talk about Smart Tourist Villages in Mărginimea Sibiului, Romania?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, May.

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