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A Nonintrusive and Real-Time Classification Method for Driver’s Gaze Region Using an RGB Camera

Author

Listed:
  • Huili Shi

    (College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266101, China)

  • Longfei Chen

    (College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266101, China)

  • Xiaoyuan Wang

    (College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266101, China
    Collaborative Innovation Center for Intelligent Green Manufacturing Technology and Equipment of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266101, China)

  • Gang Wang

    (College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266101, China)

  • Quanzheng Wang

    (College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266101, China)

Abstract

Driver distraction has become a leading cause of traffic crashes. Visual distraction has the most direct impact on driving safety among various driver distractions. If the driver’s line of sight deviates from the road in front, there will be a high probability of visual distraction. A nonintrusive and real-time classification method for driver’s gaze region is proposed. A Multi-Task Convolutional Neural Network (MTCNN) face detector is used to collect the driver’s face image, and the driver’s gaze direction can be detected with a full-face appearance-based gaze estimation method. The driver’s gaze region is classified by the model trained through the machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN). The simulated experiment and the real vehicle experiment were conducted to test the method. The results show that it has good performance on gaze region classification and strong robustness to complex environments. The models in this paper are all lightweight networks, which can meet the accuracy and speed requirements for the tasks. The method can be a good help for further exploring the visual distraction state level and exert an influence on the research of driving behavior.

Suggested Citation

  • Huili Shi & Longfei Chen & Xiaoyuan Wang & Gang Wang & Quanzheng Wang, 2022. "A Nonintrusive and Real-Time Classification Method for Driver’s Gaze Region Using an RGB Camera," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:1:p:508-:d:717188
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    Cited by:

    1. Ibrahim M. Almanjahie & Zoulikha Kaid & Ali Laksaci & Mustapha Rachdi, 2022. "Estimating the Conditional Density in Scalar-On-Function Regression Structure: k -N-N Local Linear Approach," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-16, March.

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