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Development of an Early Warning and Incident Response System for the Protection of Visitors from Natural Hazards in Important Outdoor Sites in Greece

Author

Listed:
  • Chrysostomos Psaroudakis

    (Creative People, 14342 Athens, Greece)

  • Gavriil Xanthopoulos

    (Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “Demeter”, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Dimitris Stavrakoudis

    (Laboratory of Forest Management and Remote Sensing, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Antonios Barnias

    (Management Body of Samaria National Park, 73011 Western Crete, Greece)

  • Vassiliki Varela

    (Environmental Research Laboratory (EREL), INRASTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Attiki, Greece)

  • Ilias Gkotsis

    (Center for Security Studies (KEMEA), 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • Anna Karvouniari

    (Realiscape Typorama, 26500 Patras, Greece)

  • Spyridon Agorgianitis

    (Realiscape Typorama, 26500 Patras, Greece)

  • Ioannis Chasiotis

    (Center for Security Studies (KEMEA), 11527 Athens, Greece)

  • Diamando Vlachogiannis

    (Environmental Research Laboratory (EREL), INRASTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Attiki, Greece)

  • Athanasios Sfetsos

    (Environmental Research Laboratory (EREL), INRASTES, NCSR “Demokritos”, Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Attiki, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Kaoukis

    (Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “Demeter”, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Aikaterini Christopoulou

    (Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “Demeter”, 11528 Athens, Greece)

  • Petros Antakis

    (Creative People, 14342 Athens, Greece)

  • Ioannis Z. Gitas

    (Laboratory of Forest Management and Remote Sensing, School of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

Abstract

Safety in touristic destinations is of utmost importance since tourists’ preferences change frequently in response to emerging threats. Natural hazards are a significant risk and, as such, they need to be considered in the effort for safe tourism. Services and systems monitoring and predicting extreme natural phenomena and disasters in sites of special tourist and cultural interest can lead to more effective risk management and incident response. This paper presents Xenios, a system under development in Greece that provides early warning and risk communication services via web-based and mobile phone applications. We present the user requirements analysis contacted, which led to the design of a modular system architecture through a formal Business Process Model procedure. Currently, early warning systems for wildfire, floods, and extreme weather events are offered, based on a fusion of information from satellite imagery, meteorological forecasts, and risk estimation models. Moreover, visitors’ dispersion monitoring via unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and Wi-Fi connection signals is also offered, along with emergency response planning and ticketing system’s interfacing. The system is built around a modular architecture that permits the easy integration of new subsystems or other danger forecasting modules, depending on the site’s actual needs and limitations. Xenios also provides a mobile app for site visitors, which establishes a communication link for sending alarms, but also serves them with useful tourist information, so that they are encouraged to download and use the app. Finally, the opportunities for supporting a viable business model are also discussed. The results of this study could prove useful in designing other natural risk management systems for sites of cultural and natural interest.

Suggested Citation

  • Chrysostomos Psaroudakis & Gavriil Xanthopoulos & Dimitris Stavrakoudis & Antonios Barnias & Vassiliki Varela & Ilias Gkotsis & Anna Karvouniari & Spyridon Agorgianitis & Ioannis Chasiotis & Diamando , 2021. "Development of an Early Warning and Incident Response System for the Protection of Visitors from Natural Hazards in Important Outdoor Sites in Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-29, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:5143-:d:548746
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Matteo Coronese & Francesco Lamperti & Klaus Keller & Francesca Chiaromonte & Andrea Roventini, 2019. "Evidence for sharp increase in the economic damages of extreme natural disasters," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 116(43), pages 21450-21455, October.
    2. Mr. Michael Keen & Mr. Paul K. Freeman & Mr. Muthukumara Mani, 2003. "Dealing with Increased Risk of Natural Disasters: Challenges and Options," IMF Working Papers 2003/197, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Nitesh Bharosa & JinKyu Lee & Marijn Janssen, 2010. "Challenges and obstacles in sharing and coordinating information during multi-agency disaster response: Propositions from field exercises," Information Systems Frontiers, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 49-65, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Weina Liu & Chaonan Xu & Yajie Peng & Xinlong Xu, 2023. "Evolution of Tourism Risk Communication: A Bibliometric Analysis and Meta-Analysis of the Antecedents of Communicating Risk to Tourists," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-31, June.
    2. Nadia Politi & Diamando Vlachogiannis & Athanasios Sfetsos & Nikolaos Gounaris & Vassiliki Varela, 2023. "Investigation of Fire Weather Danger under a Changing Climate at High Resolution in Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, January.

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