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Land Cover Changes in Ghana over the Past 24 Years

Author

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  • Peter A. Y. Ampim

    (Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology and Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Human Sciences, Prairie View A&M University, P.O. Box 519, MS 2008, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA)

  • Michael Ogbe

    (Department of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway)

  • Eric Obeng

    (Department of Agriculture, Nutrition and Human Ecology and Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Human Sciences, Prairie View A&M University, P.O. Box 519, MS 2008, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA)

  • Edwin K. Akley

    (CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), TL 52 Tamale, Ghana)

  • Dilys S. MacCarthy

    (Soil and Irrigation Research Center, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Science (CBAS), University of Ghana, LG 62 Legon, Ghana)

Abstract

Changes in land cover (LC) can lead to environmental challenges, but few studies have investigated LC changes at a country wide scale in Ghana. Tracking LC changes at such a scale overtime is relevant for devising solutions to emerging issues. This study examined LC changes in Ghana for the past almost two and half decades covering 1995–2019 to highlight significant changes and opportunities for sustainable development. The study used land cover data for six selected years (1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2019) obtained from the European Space Agency. The data was analyzed using R, ArcGIS Pro and Microsoft Excel 365 ProPlus. The original data was reclassified into eight LC categories, namely: agriculture, bare area, built-up, forest, grassland, other vegetation, waterbody, and wetland. On average, the results revealed 0.7%, 131.7%, 23.3%, 46.9%, and 11.2% increases for agriculture, built-up, forest, waterbody, and wetland, respectively, across the nation. However, losses were observed for bare area (92.8%), grassland (51.1%), and other vegetation (41%) LCs overall. Notably, agricultural land use increased up to 2015 and decreased subsequently but this did not affect production of the major staple foods. These findings reveal the importance of LC monitoring and the need for strategic efforts to address the causes of undesirable change.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter A. Y. Ampim & Michael Ogbe & Eric Obeng & Edwin K. Akley & Dilys S. MacCarthy, 2021. "Land Cover Changes in Ghana over the Past 24 Years," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-23, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:4951-:d:545287
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mawuli Asempah & Wahib Sahwan & Brigitta Schütt, 2021. "Assessment of Land Cover Dynamics and Drivers of Urban Expansion Using Geospatial and Logistic Regression Approach in Wa Municipality, Ghana," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-19, November.

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