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The Recovery of Phosphate and Ammonium from Biogas Slurry as Value-Added Fertilizer by Biochar and Struvite Co-Precipitation

Author

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  • Aftab Ali Kubar

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Qing Huang

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Muhammad Sajjad

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Chen Yang

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Faqin Lian

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Junfeng Wang

    (College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
    Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou 570228, China
    State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

  • Kashif Ali Kubar

    (Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Science, Uthal 90150, Baluchistan, Pakistan)

Abstract

Biowaste materials could be considered a renewable source of fertilizer if methods for recovering P from waste can be developed. Over the last few decades, there has been a high level of interest in using biochar to remove contaminants from aqueous solutions. This study was conducted using a range of salts that are commonly found in biogas slurry (ZnCl 2 , FeCl 3 , FeCl 2 , CuCl 2 , Na 2 CO 3 , and NaHCO 3 ). Experiments with a biogas digester and aqueous solution were conducted at pH nine integration with NH 4 + , Mg 2+ , and PO 4 3− molar ratios of 1.0, 1.2, and 1.8, respectively. The chemical analysis was measured to find out the composition of the precipitate, and struvite was employed to remove the aqueous solutions. The study found that the most efficient removal of phosphate and ammonium occurred at pH nine in Tongan sludge urban biochar and rice biochar, respectively. Increasing the concentration of phosphate and ammonium increased the phosphate and ammonium content. Moreover, increasing the biochar temperature and increasing the concentration of phosphate and ammonium increased the efficiency of the removal of ammonium and phosphate. The removal efficiency of ammonium and phosphate increased from 15.0% to 71.0% and 18.0% to 99.0%, respectively, by increasing the dose of respective ions K + , Zn 2+ , Fe 3+ , Fe 2+ , Cu 2+ , and CO 3 2 .The elements were increased from 58.0 to 71.0 for HCO 3 − with the increasing concentration from 30 mg L −1 to 240 mg L −1 .This study concluded that phosphate and ammonium can be recovered from mushroom soil biochar and rice biochar, and phosphate can be effectively recovered via the struvite precipitation method.

Suggested Citation

  • Aftab Ali Kubar & Qing Huang & Muhammad Sajjad & Chen Yang & Faqin Lian & Junfeng Wang & Kashif Ali Kubar, 2021. "The Recovery of Phosphate and Ammonium from Biogas Slurry as Value-Added Fertilizer by Biochar and Struvite Co-Precipitation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:7:p:3827-:d:527266
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    References listed on IDEAS

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