IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i5p2798-d510889.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Framework for Sustainable Recovery of Tourism in Protected Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Hasita Bhammar

    (World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA)

  • Wendy Li

    (World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA)

  • Christel Maria Moller Molina

    (World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA)

  • Valerie Hickey

    (World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA)

  • Jo Pendry

    (Independent Researcher, Wilmington, NC 28403, USA)

  • Urvashi Narain

    (World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA)

Abstract

Tourism in protected areas was a fast-growing segment within the global travel and tourism industry prior to the economic fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic. As a development pathway, tourism generated foreign exchange for countries endowed with natural assets (protected areas, pristine landscapes, forests, oceans, wildlife), contributed to conservation revenues, and provided local development benefits for communities. However, the spread of COVID-19 and its associated travel restrictions severely impacted this sector. In this review, we describe the main challenges preventing the sector from achieving its development potential. We propose a framework to steer tourism in protected areas as a green recovery initiative, so that it may rebound sustainably and continue to support biodiversity conservation and socio-economic development.

Suggested Citation

  • Hasita Bhammar & Wendy Li & Christel Maria Moller Molina & Valerie Hickey & Jo Pendry & Urvashi Narain, 2021. "Framework for Sustainable Recovery of Tourism in Protected Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-10, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:5:p:2798-:d:510889
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/5/2798/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/5/2798/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. David A. Gill & Michael B. Mascia & Gabby N. Ahmadia & Louise Glew & Sarah E. Lester & Megan Barnes & Ian Craigie & Emily S. Darling & Christopher M. Free & Jonas Geldmann & Susie Holst & Olaf P. Jens, 2017. "Capacity shortfalls hinder the performance of marine protected areas globally," Nature, Nature, vol. 543(7647), pages 665-669, March.
    2. Anthony Waldron & Daniel C. Miller & Dave Redding & Arne Mooers & Tyler S. Kuhn & Nate Nibbelink & J. Timmons Roberts & Joseph A. Tobias & John L. Gittleman, 2017. "Reductions in global biodiversity loss predicted from conservation spending," Nature, Nature, vol. 551(7680), pages 364-367, November.
    3. Börner, Jan & Baylis, Kathy & Corbera, Esteve & Ezzine-de-Blas, Driss & Honey-Rosés, Jordi & Persson, U. Martin & Wunder, Sven, 2017. "The Effectiveness of Payments for Environmental Services," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 359-374.
    4. Fisher, Brendan & Christopher, Treg, 2007. "Poverty and biodiversity: Measuring the overlap of human poverty and the biodiversity hotspots," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(1), pages 93-101, April.
    5. Andrew Rylance & Anna Spenceley, 2017. "Reducing economic leakages from tourism: A value chain assessment of the tourism industry in Kasane, Botswana," Development Southern Africa, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 34(3), pages 295-313, May.
    6. Jos Barlow & Filipe França & Toby A. Gardner & Christina C. Hicks & Gareth D. Lennox & Erika Berenguer & Leandro Castello & Evan P. Economo & Joice Ferreira & Benoit Guénard & Cecília Gontijo Leal & V, 2018. "The future of hyperdiverse tropical ecosystems," Nature, Nature, vol. 559(7715), pages 517-526, July.
    7. Victor Cazalis & Karine Princé & Jean-Baptiste Mihoub & Joseph Kelly & Stuart H. M. Butchart & Ana S. L. Rodrigues, 2020. "Effectiveness of protected areas in conserving tropical forest birds," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
    8. Andrew Balmford & Jonathan M H Green & Michael Anderson & James Beresford & Charles Huang & Robin Naidoo & Matt Walpole & Andrea Manica, 2015. "Walk on the Wild Side: Estimating the Global Magnitude of Visits to Protected Areas," PLOS Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(2), pages 1-6, February.
    9. James E. M. Watson & Nigel Dudley & Daniel B. Segan & Marc Hockings, 2014. "The performance and potential of protected areas," Nature, Nature, vol. 515(7525), pages 67-73, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ľubomír Štrba & Jana Kolačkovská & Branislav Kršák & Csaba Sidor & Marián Lukáč, 2022. "Perception of the Impacts of Tourism by the Administrations of Protected Areas and Sustainable Tourism (Un)Development in Slovakia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-20, May.
    2. Jingchen Zhao, 2021. "Reimagining Corporate Social Responsibility in the Era of COVID-19: Embedding Resilience and Promoting Corporate Social Competence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-28, June.
    3. Rosse Marie Esparza-Huamanchumo & Yefferson Llonto Caicedo & Carla Ethel Gamarra Flores & Pablo Cesar Romo Román & Benoit Mougenot, 2024. "Perceptions of stakeholders and challenges faced by ecotourism management in a natural protected area in Peru," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 26(8), pages 20757-20780, August.
    4. Bradley Tatar, 2023. "Advocacy, Ecotourism, and Biopolitics of Whale Conservation in Ecuador," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-15, July.
    5. Qi, Ruijuan & Liu, Chang & Zhang, Qiwen, 2024. "Evidence mechanism for promoting natural resources and green recovery through green economy: Sustainable assistance in finance," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    6. Egidijus Jurkus & Ramūnas Povilanskas & Julius Taminskas, 2022. "Current Trends and Issues in Research on Biodiversity Conservation and Tourism Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-14, March.
    7. Zhikang Xie & Xinglin Liu & Hina Najam & Qinghua Fu & Jawad Abbas & Ubaldo Comite & Laura Mariana Cismas & Andra Miculescu, 2022. "Achieving Financial Sustainability through Revenue Diversification: A Green Pathway for Financial Institutions in Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-16, March.
    8. Agus Purwoko & Wanda Kuswanda & Rospita Odorlina Pilianna Situmorang & Freddy Jontara Hutapea & Muhammad Hadi Saputra & Parlin Hotmartua Putra Pasaribu, 2022. "Orangutan Ecotourism on Sumatra Island: Current Conditions and a Call for Further Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    9. Dong-Shang Chang & Wei-De Wu, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Industry: Applying TRIZ and DEMATEL to Construct a Decision-Making Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-28, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. World Bank, 2021. "Banking on Protected Areas," World Bank Publications - Reports 35737, The World Bank Group.
    2. Nguyen, Minh-Hoang, 2023. "Investigating urban residents' involvement in biodiversity conservation in protected areas: Empirical evidence from Vietnam," Thesis Commons z2hjv, Center for Open Science.
    3. Horn, Henrik & Lavenius, Axel & Sanctuary, Mark, 2024. "Investment Treaties and the Threat to Biodiversity," CEPR Discussion Papers 19210, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    4. Weaver, David B. & Lawton, Laura J., 2017. "A new visitation paradigm for protected areas," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 140-146.
    5. Minh-Hoang Nguyen & Thomas E. Jones, 2022. "Building eco-surplus culture among urban residents as a novel strategy to improve finance for conservation in protected areas," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.
    6. Arbieu, Ugo & Grünewald, Claudia & Martín-López, Berta & Schleuning, Matthias & Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, 2018. "Large mammal diversity matters for wildlife tourism in Southern African Protected Areas: Insights for management," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 31(PC), pages 481-490.
    7. Oliveira Fiorini, Ana Carolina & Mullally, Conner & Swisher, Marilyn & Putz, Francis E., 2020. "Forest cover effects of payments for ecosystem services: Evidence from an impact evaluation in Brazil," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    8. Georgina V. E. Wilson & Brandon P. Anthony, 2023. "Opportunities and Barriers to Monitoring and Evaluating Management Effectiveness in Protected Areas within the Kruger to Canyons Biosphere Region, South Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-18, March.
    9. Estela Inés Farías-Torbidoni & Sebastià Mas-Alòs & Gonzalo Gil-Moreno-de-Mora & Pere Lavega-Burgués & Marta Castañer & Eloisa Lorente-Catalán & Jordi Seguí-Urbaneja & Enric Lacasa-Claver, 2020. "Health and Well-Being in Protected Natural Areas—Visitors’ Satisfaction in Three Different Protected Natural Area Categories in Catalonia, Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-19, September.
    10. Li, Yi & Song, Zhenjiang, 2022. "Have protected areas in China achieved the ecological and economic “win-win” goals? Evidence from the Giant Panda Reserves of the Min Mont Range," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    11. Lishan Xu & Changlin Ao & Baoqi Liu & Zhenyu Cai, 2023. "Ecotourism and sustainable development: a scientometric review of global research trends," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(4), pages 2977-3003, April.
    12. Roux, Dirk J. & Smith, M. Kyle S. & Smit, Izak P.J. & Freitag, Stefanie & Slabbert, Liandi & Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M. & Hayes, Jessica & Mpapane, Nelsiwe P., 2020. "Cultural ecosystem services as complex outcomes of people–nature interactions in protected areas," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 43(C).
    13. Liang Chang & Teiji Watanabe, 2021. "Dilemma Faced by Management Staff in China’s Protected Areas," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-18, November.
    14. Nguyen, Minh-Hoang & Vuong, Quan-Hoang, 2020. "Evaluation of the Aichi Biodiversity Targets: The international collaboration trilemma in interdisciplinary research," OSF Preprints 84j76, Center for Open Science.
    15. Philip J. Platts & Marije Schaafsma & R. Kerry Turner & Neil D. Burgess & Brendan Fisher & Boniface P. Mbilinyi & Pantaleo K. T. Munishi & Taylor H. Ricketts & Ruth D. Swetnam & Antje Ahrends & Biniam, 2023. "Inequitable Gains and Losses from Conservation in a Global Biodiversity Hotspot," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 86(3), pages 381-405, November.
    16. Venetia Alexa Hargreaves-Allen & Susana Mourato & Eleanor Jane Milner-Gulland, 2017. "Drivers of coral reef marine protected area performance," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-21, June.
    17. Rasheed, A. Rifaee, 2020. "Marine protected areas and human well-being – A systematic review and recommendations," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).
    18. Veronica Relano & Tiffany Mak & Shelumiel Ortiz & Daniel Pauly, 2022. "Stakeholder Perceptions Can Distinguish ‘Paper Parks’ from Marine Protected Areas," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-12, August.
    19. Sara Silva & Luís Filipe Silva & António Vieira, 2023. "Protected Areas and Nature-Based Tourism: A 30-Year Bibliometric Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-25, July.
    20. Cláudio C. Maretti & Sueli Angelo Furlan & Marta de Azevedo Irving & Yasmin Xavier Guimarães Nasri & Camila Gonçalves de Oliveira Rodrigues & Beatriz Barros Aydos & Rodrigo Martins dos Santos & Erika , 2023. "Collaborative Conservation for Inclusive, Equitable, and Effective Systems of Protected and Conserved Areas—Insights from Brazil," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-32, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:5:p:2798-:d:510889. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.