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Rockfall Threatening Cumae Archeological Site Fruition (Phlegraean Fields Park—Naples)

Author

Listed:
  • Rita De Stefano

    (Monte Sant’Angelo Campus, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Federico II University of Naples, 21, Cinthia Street, 80126 Naples, Italy)

  • Leopoldo Repola

    (Department of Humanities, Suor Orsola Benincasa University, 10, Suor Orsola Street, 80135 Naples, Italy)

  • Luigi Guerriero

    (Monte Sant’Angelo Campus, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Federico II University of Naples, 21, Cinthia Street, 80126 Naples, Italy)

  • Domenico Iovane

    (Department of Architecture, Federico II University of Naples, 36, Forno Vecchio Street, 80134 Naples, Italy)

  • Vincenzo Morra

    (Monte Sant’Angelo Campus, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Federico II University of Naples, 21, Cinthia Street, 80126 Naples, Italy)

  • Fabio Pagano

    (Phlegraean Fields Archeological Park, Rione Terra, Palazzo De Fraja, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy)

  • Diego Di Martire

    (Monte Sant’Angelo Campus, Department of Earth Sciences, Environment and Resources, Federico II University of Naples, 21, Cinthia Street, 80126 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

Natural hazards threaten many archaeological sites in the world; therefore, susceptibility analysis is essential to reduce their impacts and support site fruition by visitors. In this paper, rockfall susceptibility analysis of the western slope of the Cumae Mount in the Cumae Archaeological Site (Phlegraean Fields, Naples), already affected by rockfall events, is described as support to a management plan for fruition and site conservation. Being the first Greek settlement in southern Italy, the site has great historical importance and offers unique historical elements such as the Cumaean Sibyl’s Cave. The analysis began with a 3D modeling of the slope through digital terrestrial photogrammetry, which forms a basis for a geomechanical analysis. Digital discontinuity measurements and cluster analysis provide data for kinematic analysis, which pointed out the planar, wedge and toppling failure potential. Subsequently, a propagation-based susceptibility analysis was completed into a GIS environment: it shows that most of the western sector of the site is susceptible to rockfall, including the access course, a segment of the Cumana Railroad and its local station. The work highlights the need for specific mitigation measures to increase visitor safety and the efficacy of filed-based digital reconstruction to support susceptibility analysis in rockfall prone areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Rita De Stefano & Leopoldo Repola & Luigi Guerriero & Domenico Iovane & Vincenzo Morra & Fabio Pagano & Diego Di Martire, 2021. "Rockfall Threatening Cumae Archeological Site Fruition (Phlegraean Fields Park—Naples)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:1390-:d:489158
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Carmen Marín-Buzón & Antonio Pérez-Romero & José Luis López-Castro & Imed Ben Jerbania & Francisco Manzano-Agugliaro, 2021. "Photogrammetry as a New Scientific Tool in Archaeology: Worldwide Research Trends," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-27, May.
    2. Lukovic Marija & Ziegler Martin & Aaron Jordan & Perras Matthew, 2022. "Rockfall susceptibility and runout in the Valley of the Kings," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 110(1), pages 451-485, January.
    3. Simone Mineo, 2023. "Natural Events Threatening the Cultural Heritage: Characterization, Prevention and Risk Management for a Sustainable Fruition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-4, January.

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