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Pilot Cultivation of the Vulnerable Cretan Endemic Verbascum arcturus L. (Scrophulariaceae): Effect of Fertilization on Growth and Quality Features

Author

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  • Konstantinos Paschalidis

    (Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Dimitrios Fanourakis

    (Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Landscape and Environment, Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71004 Heraklion, Greece
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Georgios Tsaniklidis

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture, 71003 Chania, Greece)

  • Vasileios A. Tzanakakis

    (Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Fotis Bilias

    (Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Eftihia Samara

    (Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Kalogiannakis

    (Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Faten Jamel Debouba

    (Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Estavromenos, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Ioannis Ipsilantis

    (Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Georgios Tsoktouridis

    (Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
    Theofrastos Fertilizers, Industrial Area of Korinthos, Irinis & Filias, Ikismos Arion, Examilia, 20100 Korinthos, Greece)

  • Theodora Matsi

    (Soil Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Nikos Krigas

    (Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

Abstract

The domestication of wild-growing plants, including cultivation and fertilization protocols, is able to alleviate the ecological risks posed by the uncontrolled harvesting of range-restricted local endemic plants. In this field study focused on Verbascum arcturus , a vulnerable local endemic of Crete (Greece), the effect of two kinds of fertilization applied by two methods (foliar/root) was investigated. The foliar application included conventional or integrated nutrient management (INM) fertilization. Root application included the application of conventional fertilizers, biostimulants, or INM with biostimulants. Several properties of plant growth, physiology and nutrition were determined. The results showed that fertilization treatment affected neither leaf color and shape nor plant growth, morphology, dry mass partitioning or nutrient content. However, both kinds of foliar-applied fertilization enhanced Zn and B in leaves and soil-applied biostimulant increased leaf Ca. Considering both chlorophyll and antioxidant compounds’ content, foliar application of the INM fertilizers, as well as soil application of the conventional fertilizers or biostimulants, could be considered as accepted options. This study reports for the first time an assessment of the total phenolic and flavonoids content evidenced in V. arcturus and encourages the use of fertilization in promoting the herbal antioxidant profile without compromising visual quality or yield. The findings of this study could be considered as a documented contribution toward the sustainable exploitation of V. arcturus .

Suggested Citation

  • Konstantinos Paschalidis & Dimitrios Fanourakis & Georgios Tsaniklidis & Vasileios A. Tzanakakis & Fotis Bilias & Eftihia Samara & Konstantinos Kalogiannakis & Faten Jamel Debouba & Ioannis Ipsilantis, 2021. "Pilot Cultivation of the Vulnerable Cretan Endemic Verbascum arcturus L. (Scrophulariaceae): Effect of Fertilization on Growth and Quality Features," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:24:p:14030-:d:706327
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nikos Krigas & Georgios Tsoktouridis & Ioannis Anestis & Abdelmajid Khabbach & Mohamed Libiad & Wided Megdiche-Ksouri & Zeineb Ghrabi-Gammar & Fatima Lamchouri & Ioannis Tsiripidis & Maria A. Tsiafoul, 2021. "Exploring the Potential of Neglected Local Endemic Plants of Three Mediterranean Regions in the Ornamental Sector: Value Chain Feasibility and Readiness Timescale for Their Sustainable Exploitation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-29, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Dimitra S. Varela-Stasinopoulou & Panayiotis A. Nektarios & Nikolaos Ntoulas & Panayiotis Trigas & Georgios I. Roukounakis, 2023. "Sustainable Growth of Medicinal and Aromatic Mediterranean Plants Growing as Communities in Shallow Substrate Urban Green Roof Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-28, March.
    2. Evangelia Tsoumalakou & Eleni Mente & Nikolaos Vlahos & Efi Levizou, 2023. "Cultivating the Mediterranean Wild Edible Species Cichorium spinosum L. in Aquaponics: Functional and Growth Responses to Minimal Nutrient Supplementation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.

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