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Sustainable Durio zibethinus -Derived Biosorbents for Congo Red Removal from Aqueous Solution: Statistical Optimization, Isotherms and Mechanism Studies

Author

Listed:
  • A. A. Oyekanmi

    (School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia)

  • Akil Ahmad

    (Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
    Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Siti Hamidah Mohd Setapar

    (Centre of Lipids Engineering and Applied Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia)

  • Mohammed B. Alshammari

    (Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohammad Jawaid

    (Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia)

  • Marlia Mohd Hanafiah

    (Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia
    Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, The National University of Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia)

  • H. P. S. Abdul Khalil

    (School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Gelugor 11800, Malaysia)

  • Ashok Vaseashta

    (Office of Applied Research, International Clean Water Institute, Manassas, VA 20112, USA
    Biomedical Engineering and Nanotechnologies Institute, Riga Technical University, 1658 Riga, Latvia)

Abstract

This investigation reports on the biosorption mechanism of Congo Red dyes (CR) in aqueous solution using acid-treated durian peels, prepared for this study. The biosorbent nature was characterized using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Brunaure-Emmet-Teller (BET). The effect of process parameters within operational range of pH (2–9), contact time (10–200 min), initial concentration (25–400 mg g −1 ) and temperature (25–65 °C) for the optimum removal of CR dyes was investigated using central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM), and revealed that the optimum condition of biosorption was achieved around a pH of 5.5, contact time of 105 min at initial concentration of 212.5 mg L −1 within 45 °C temperature, which corresponds to 95.2% percent removal of CR. The experimental data fitted better to the second order polynomial model, with a correlation coefficient R 2 value of 0.9917 and the Langmuir isotherm model with biosorption capacity of 107.52 mg g −1 . Gibbs free energy indicated that the adsorption of CR dyes was spontaneous. The mechanism of the adsorption of CR dyes revealed that the biosorption of CR dyes investigated under different operational conditions show that under acidic pH, the adsorption efficiency of the acid treated durian peels is enhanced for the adsorption of CR dye molecules.

Suggested Citation

  • A. A. Oyekanmi & Akil Ahmad & Siti Hamidah Mohd Setapar & Mohammed B. Alshammari & Mohammad Jawaid & Marlia Mohd Hanafiah & H. P. S. Abdul Khalil & Ashok Vaseashta, 2021. "Sustainable Durio zibethinus -Derived Biosorbents for Congo Red Removal from Aqueous Solution: Statistical Optimization, Isotherms and Mechanism Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:23:p:13264-:d:691827
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    Cited by:

    1. Hridoy Roy & Md. Shahinoor Islam & Mohammad Tanvir Arifin & Shakhawat H. Firoz, 2022. "Synthesis, Characterization and Sorption Properties of Biochar, Chitosan and ZnO-Based Binary Composites towards a Cationic Dye," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-24, November.

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