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Adaptation of Industrial Revolution 4.0 in a Seaport System

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  • Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh

    (Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Mahendrran Selvaduray

    (Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Jagan Jeevan

    (Faculty of Maritime Studies, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Abdul Hafaz Ngah

    (Economics and Social Development, Faculty of Business, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

  • Suhaiza Zailani

    (Faculty of Business and Accountancy, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia)

Abstract

As pillars of logistics, supply chains, and transport networks, seaports have led to a substantial demand for countless economic advantages. The sustainability and competitive advantage of seaport businesses depend on their ability to adapt to changing business requirements, while Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) is a current phenomenon that connects the global market through smart technologies involving cyber-physical systems to overcome global trade uncertainty. However, focusing only on growing economic benefits might lead to an ineffective sustainable implementation of IR 4.0 within a seaport system. Therefore, this paper compares the current status of IR 4.0 global implementation against the current Malaysian seaport system to ensure that the development of seaports in Malaysia is aligned with technological trends and global requirements. In addition, this paper investigates the critical sustainable factors (CSFs) for the implementation of IR 4.0 in Malaysian seaports. A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) is used to obtain the data from 13 domain experts, from various maritime stakeholders, which is further analysed by using Thematic Analysis. The result has shown that most seaports have started to initiate a fusion by focusing on IR 4.0 adaptation. In contrast, in Malaysia, the seaports in this country are still behind the global trend and are just starting to explore the concept of IR 4.0 instead of expanding to the next level (global benchmark). The current status and CSFs, for the implementation of IR 4.0 in Malaysian seaports, are presented in comparison to global requirements, and the marginal associations between them are shown. As a conclusion, by comparing a global seaport scenario with Malaysian seaports, the main considerations for sustaining the implementation of IR 4.0 in Malaysian seaports can be discovered.

Suggested Citation

  • Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh & Mahendrran Selvaduray & Jagan Jeevan & Abdul Hafaz Ngah & Suhaiza Zailani, 2021. "Adaptation of Industrial Revolution 4.0 in a Seaport System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:19:p:10667-:d:643247
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joachim H. Spangenberg, 2004. "Reconciling sustainability and growth: criteria, indicators, policies," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 12(2), pages 74-86.
    2. Leonard Heilig & Eduardo Lalla-Ruiz & Stefan Voß, 2017. "port-IO: an integrative mobile cloud platform for real-time inter-terminal truck routing optimization," Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 504-534, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Julian Neugebauer & Leonard Heilig & Stefan Voß, 2024. "Digital Twins in the Context of Seaports and Terminal Facilities," Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Springer, vol. 36(3), pages 821-917, September.

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