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Green growth in Nepal and Bangladesh: Empirical analysis and future prospects

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  • Baniya, Bishal
  • Giurco, Damien
  • Kelly, Scott

Abstract

Nepal and Bangladesh aim to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions as part of their commitments to implementing the Paris Climate Agreement and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In addition, both countries are seeking to move from being categorized as low to middle-income countries. This study analyzes the empirical evidence on greening of economic growth in Nepal and Bangladesh between 1985 and 2016, and looks ahead to 2030 to discuss the future prospects in their efforts to deliver on both environmental and economic goals. To analyze their historical progress, six green growth indicators are used, and to look ahead to 2030, energy and material consumption models are used. For both countries, energy and material productivity improvements were mainly driven by structural changes in an economy, which is a transition from agricultural to service-based economies. Yet these are found to be insufficient to deliver green growth. An increase in the share of renewable energy in the energy mix and the absolute reduction of energy and material consumption in future are found to be important not only for greening the growth but also for delivering abovementioned commitments. Technological changes such as the substitution of biomass by electricity from renewable resources can be a part of sustainable strategy for reconciling the climate mitigation actions with graduation to the middle-income country category.

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  • Baniya, Bishal & Giurco, Damien & Kelly, Scott, 2021. "Green growth in Nepal and Bangladesh: Empirical analysis and future prospects," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:149:y:2021:i:c:s0301421520307606
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.112049
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    7. Rabie Said & Muhammad Ishaq Bhatti & Ahmed Imran Hunjra, 2022. "Toward Understanding Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development in Developing and Developed Economies: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-12, July.
    8. Rashid Latief & Yusheng Kong & Sohail Ahmad Javeed & Usman Sattar, 2021. "Carbon Emissions in the SAARC Countries with Causal Effects of FDI, Economic Growth and Other Economic Factors: Evidence from Dynamic Simultaneous Equation Models," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-22, April.
    9. Dong, Kangyin & Wang, Bo & Zhao, Jun & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad, 2022. "Mitigating carbon emissions by accelerating green growth in China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 226-243.
    10. Rui Zhou, 2022. "Measurement and Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Inclusive Green Growth in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-36, July.
    11. Li, Jiaman & Dong, Kangyin & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Wang, Kun, 2022. "3G in China: How green economic growth and green finance promote green energy?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1327-1337.
    12. Aryal, Sushil & Dhakal, Shobhakar & KC, Samrat, 2023. "Integrated analysis of end-use electrification and cross-border electricity trade policies for hydropower enabled energy transformation in Nepal," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).

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