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Steel Slag and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Grains as Low-Cost Adsorbents to Remove Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ in Wastewater: Effects of Mixing Proportions of Grains and Liquid-to-Solid Ratio

Author

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  • Gajanayake Mudalige Pradeep Kumara

    (Department of Biosystems Technology, Faculty of Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda 10250, Sri Lanka)

  • Ken Kawamoto

    (Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 3388570, Japan
    Faculty of Building and Industrial Construction, Hanoi University of Civil Engineering, No. 55 Giai Phong Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi 11616, Vietnam)

Abstract

This study investigated the applicability of industrial by-products such as steel slag (SS) and autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) grains (<0.105, 0.105–2, 2–4.75 mm) as low-cost adsorbents for simultaneous removal of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ in wastewater. A series of batch adsorption experiments was carried out in single and binary-metal solutions of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ by changing the mixing proportions of SS and AAC grains. In addition, the effect of the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) on the removal of Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ in multi-metal solution was examined. Results showed that SS grains had a high affinity with Cd 2+ in the single solution, while AAC grains had an affinity with Pb 2+ . In the binary solution, the mixtures of SS and AAC grains removed both Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ well; especially, the tested adsorbents of SS+AAC [1:1] and SS+AAC [1:4] mixtures achieved approximately 100% removal of both metals. Based on the results in the multi-metal solutions, the metal removal % and selectivity sequence varied depending on the mixed proportions of SS and AAC grains and L/S values. It was found that the SS+AAC [1:1] mixture of SS and AAC grains showed 100% removals of Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Zn 2+ simultaneously at L/S = 10 and 60.

Suggested Citation

  • Gajanayake Mudalige Pradeep Kumara & Ken Kawamoto, 2021. "Steel Slag and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Grains as Low-Cost Adsorbents to Remove Cd 2+ and Pb 2+ in Wastewater: Effects of Mixing Proportions of Grains and Liquid-to-Solid Ratio," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:18:p:10321-:d:636208
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fabio Iucolano & Assunta Campanile & Domenico Caputo & Barbara Liguori, 2021. "Sustainable Management of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Wastes in Gypsum Composites," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-10, April.
    2. Di Gao & Fu-Ping Wang & Yi-Tong Wang & Ya-Nan Zeng, 2020. "Sustainable Utilization of Steel Slag from Traditional Industry and Agriculture to Catalysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-9, November.
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