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Dimensionality Reduction Differentiates Sensitive Force-Time Characteristics from Loaded and Unloaded Conditions throughout Competitive Military Training

Author

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  • Justin J. Merrigan

    (Human Performance Innovation Center, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

  • Jason D. Stone

    (Human Performance Innovation Center, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

  • Jad Ramadan

    (Human Performance Innovation Center, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

  • Joshua A. Hagen

    (Human Performance Innovation Center, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

  • Andrew G. Thompson

    (Human Performance Innovation Center, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA)

Abstract

The purpose was to evaluate neuromuscular fatigue’s effect on unloaded and loaded countermovement jump (CMJ) force-time characteristics during high-intensity tactical training. Eighteen male and sixteen female Marines completed two maximal effort CMJs, in unloaded (PVC pipe) and loaded (10 kg weight vest and 20 kg barbell) conditions, prior to, and 24, 48, and 72 h after starting the 4-day event. The top three variables from three principal components (PC) were analyzed using mixed-effects modeling (PC1—concentric mean power, eccentric peak force, and modified reactive strength index; PC2—countermovement depth, eccentric mean power, and eccentric mean velocity; PC3—braking duration, jump height, peak power). Metrics from PC1 and PC3 were reduced across training and from both loading conditions. Metrics from PC2 were similarly affected by external loading but were less influenced by training-induced fatigue. Jump performances with the barbell and with shallower countermovement depths did not change throughout training. Thus, 20 kg loaded CMJs are stable neuromuscular measures suitable for tracking chronic training adaptations. Monitoring unloaded and 10 kg loaded CMJ performances, along with movement strategies (i.e., countermovement rates and depth), may help identify moments of accumulated fatigue to inform training and recovery adjustments and improve the sustainability of personnel.

Suggested Citation

  • Justin J. Merrigan & Jason D. Stone & Jad Ramadan & Joshua A. Hagen & Andrew G. Thompson, 2021. "Dimensionality Reduction Differentiates Sensitive Force-Time Characteristics from Loaded and Unloaded Conditions throughout Competitive Military Training," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:6105-:d:564570
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Paul Pao-Yen Wu & Nicholas Sterkenburg & Kirsten Everett & Dale W Chapman & Nicole White & Kerrie Mengersen, 2019. "Predicting fatigue using countermovement jump force-time signatures: PCA can distinguish neuromuscular versus metabolic fatigue," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(7), pages 1-16, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Justin J. Merrigan, 2021. "Effects of Maximal Effort Running on Special Agents’ Loaded and Unloaded Drop Jump Performance and Mechanics," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-11, September.

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