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An Attempt to Characterize the “3S” (Sea, Sun, and Sand) Parameters: Application to the Galapagos Islands and Continental Ecuadorian Beaches

Author

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  • Carlos Mestanza-Ramón

    (Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
    YASUNI-SDC Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, El Coca EC220001, Ecuador
    Instituto Tecnologico Supeior Oriente, 10 de Agosto, Joya de los Sachas, Ecuador)

  • Enzo Pranzini

    (Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Firenze, 50121 Firenze, Italy)

  • Giorgio Anfuso

    (Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain)

  • Camilo M. Botero

    (Grupo Joaquín Aarón Manjarrés, Escuela de Derecho, Universidad Sergio Arboleda, 470001 Santa Marta, Colombia
    Grupo de Investigación en Sistemas Costeros, PlayasCorp, 470001 Santa Marta, Colombia)

  • J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz

    (Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain)

  • Alexis Mooser

    (Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
    Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università di Napoli Parthenope, 80143 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

Sea, Sun, and Sand (3S) are relevant and determining elements for choosing a tourist destination in Ecuador, a country with about 1200 km of coast along the Pacific Ocean. This study analyzed the market potential of the 3S in 64 beaches, 10 located in the Galapagos and 54 in the continental zone (of Ecuador). The methodology used was exploratory and bibliographical, complemented by a descriptive analysis. The color of the water was assessed by direct observation, sand samples were taken to a laboratory for color analysis, and information on the hours of light was obtained from international archive data. The data obtained were compared with other world famous 3S tourism destinations. The Galapagos had the best results, with attractive white sand beaches, sea blue water color, and an elevated sunshine time; meanwhile, the continental zone presented poor beaches with dark sand and unattractive water color. To strengthen 3S tourism, managers should work on the enhancement of complementary aspects such as culture, gastronomy, and architecture, promoting the creation of new coastal tourist routes and destinations.

Suggested Citation

  • Carlos Mestanza-Ramón & Enzo Pranzini & Giorgio Anfuso & Camilo M. Botero & J. Adolfo Chica-Ruiz & Alexis Mooser, 2020. "An Attempt to Characterize the “3S” (Sea, Sun, and Sand) Parameters: Application to the Galapagos Islands and Continental Ecuadorian Beaches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:8:p:3468-:d:349770
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Anfuso, G. & Williams, A.T. & Cabrera Hernández, J.A. & Pranzini, E., 2014. "Coastal scenic assessment and tourism management in western Cuba," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 307-320.
    2. Lange, Glenn-Marie, 2015. "Tourism in Zanzibar: Incentives for sustainable management of the coastal environment," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 11(C), pages 5-11.
    3. Alexis Mooser & Giorgio Anfuso & Carlos Mestanza & Allan Thomas Williams, 2018. "Management Implications for the Most Attractive Scenic Sites along the Andalusia Coast (SW Spain)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-26, April.
    4. Carlos Mestanza-Ramón & Maritza Sanchez Capa & Hilter Figueroa Saavedra & Juana Rojas Paredes, 2019. "Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Continental Ecuador and Galapagos Islands: Challenges and Opportunities in a Changing Tourism and Economic Context," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-17, November.
    5. Rangel-Buitrago, N. & Correa, I.D. & Anfuso, G. & Ergin, A. & Williams, A.T., 2013. "Assessing and managing scenery of the Caribbean Coast of Colombia," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 41-58.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carlos Mestanza-Ramón & José Luis Jiménez-Caballero, 2021. "Nature Tourism on the Colombian—Ecuadorian Amazonian Border: History, Current Situation, and Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Gricelda Herrera-Franco & Néstor Montalván-Burbano & Carlos Mora-Frank & Lady Bravo-Montero, 2021. "Scientific Research in Ecuador: A Bibliometric Analysis," Publications, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-34, December.
    3. Dilek Cetin & Emre Aksoy & Yalçın Arslanturk, 2022. "Tourism Location Choice of Local and Foreign Tourist: A Perspective through Spatial Analysis," World Journal of Applied Economics, WERI-World Economic Research Institute, vol. 8(2), pages 65-79, December.
    4. Dirk H. R. Spennemann, 2021. "Groundwater, Graves and Golf: Layers of Heritage Tourism on a Fiji Resort Island," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, May.
    5. Seweryn Zielinski & Camilo M. Botero, 2020. "Beach Tourism in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic: Critical Issues, Knowledge Gaps and Research Opportunities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-19, October.

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